研究背景
2019年COVID-19疫情蔓延全球，確診案例及死亡人數至今仍持續攀升，面對具感染風險之民眾，施行居家隔離及居家檢疫，實為防堵疫情有效的手段之一。隔離檢疫場所除了自宅，我國尚有防疫旅館及集中檢疫所。這是我國第一次設立集中檢疫所，由國外入境的民眾至集中檢疫所強制隔離檢疫，研究文獻指出，隔離檢疫期間面對未知的環境壓力、人身自由受限、傳染病污名化，住民易有緊張不安、焦慮甚至憂鬱等心理健康問題，進一步可能影響生活品質。
研究目的
本研究目的為探討集中檢疫所住民於檢疫前後之憂鬱、焦慮與污名化感受變化及與生活品質之相關性。
材料與方法
本研究於台灣中部某一集中檢疫所收集相關資料進行分析，資料收集時間為2020年4月至2020年11月，運用問卷調查的方式，以檢疫所20歲以上之住民且必須住滿14天者為調查對象。於檢疫所住民入住之第1天及第14天，使用5種語言版本之病人健康量表、廣泛性焦慮自評量表、污名化感受量表及生活品質量表，藉以了解住民於檢疫期間之憂鬱、焦慮、污名化感受及生活品質。本研究利用皮爾森積差相關係數（Pearson’s correlation coefficient）及廣義估計方程式（Generalized estimating equation, GEE）進行雙變量分析。同時利用廣義估計方程式（GEE），搭配時間變項，分析憂鬱、焦慮、污名化感受與生活品質隨時間改變的情況，以及時間對憂鬱/焦慮/污名化感受與生活品質相關性之修飾效果作用。本研究使用SPSS統計軟體進行資料分析，p值≤ 0.05則認定達統計顯著性。
研究結果
集中檢疫所住民在檢疫前後，憂鬱的比例提高1.69%、焦慮的比例降低2.52%、污名化感受的比例也下降了0.51%，其中焦慮形情下降程度達到統計上顯著意義（χ2 = 6.50，p = .011）。檢疫後生活品質各範疇之平均分數皆為上升，尤其環境範疇生活品質在檢疫前後上升的幅度達到統計上顯著意義（χ2 = 8.00，p = .005），可以說檢疫後的生活品質較佳。住民在入住第一天時憂鬱、焦慮、污名化感受與生活品質的相關分析中，憂鬱、焦慮及污名化感受與整體生活品質的相關係數皆達顯著負值（r = -.47，p < .001; r = -.41，p < .001；r = -.09，p = .042）。時間對於與憂鬱、焦慮、污名化感受影響生活品質之修飾效果，僅「憂鬱 × 時間」（B = 0.67，p = .041）影響環境範疇生活品質之交互作用達顯著水準（p < .05），表示住民憂鬱程度對於環境範疇生活品質的影響程度於檢疫前後具有明顯差異，後續分層分析中顯示，「憂鬱」對於「環境範疇」之影響效果，在檢疫後的負向影響程度低於檢疫前（R²=0.104 vs 0.045）。
結論
住民於集中檢疫所隔離檢疫期間，憂鬱、焦慮及污名化感受對於生活品質的影響，會隨著檢疫時間而降低其對生活品質的負向影響程度，換言之，檢疫初期憂鬱、焦慮及污名化感受會有較高程度影響生活品質，但檢疫晚期即便仍有這些情緒困擾，對生活品質的影響已較為緩和。綜上，如果能確實了解住民的憂鬱、焦慮、污名化感受及隔離檢疫期間的生活品質，並於入住起即妥適提供協助，特別是檢疫前期應加強關懷住民之心理健康，可提升民眾配合防疫措施的意願，降低集中檢疫壓力，避免住民及工作人員的衝突而形成防疫破口。

COVID-19 has been spreading rapidly throughout the world, and physical isolation of confirmed cases and quarantine of those who had potential contacts with cases are considered the most effective interventions for the prevention and control. However, people quarantined may have a psychological impact during quarantine. The study aimed to investigate the changes in depression, anxiety, and stigma and their associations with quality of life among residents of centralized quarantine facilities before and after quarantine. The research data were collected with study questionnaires by one of centralized quarantine facility in Taiwan. Five different language versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), the stigma scale, and the WHOQOL-BREF were applied to assess depression, anxiety, stigmatization, and quality of life, respectively. This study found the proportion of depression increased by 1.69%, the proportion of anxiety and stigma decreased by 2.52% and 0.51%, respectively. The overall and domain-specific mean scores of quality of life increased after quarantine, but only the environment domain of quality of life reached the significance (χ2 = 8.00, p = .005). Analyses of the potential effect-modifications by time on the association of quality of life with depression, anxiety, and stigma, respectively showed that only the interaction effect of “depression × time” (B = 0.67, p = .041) on the quality of life and the environmental domain quality of life relationship reached the significant level (p < .05). The stratified analysis further showed that the negative impact of depression on the environmental domain is lower after quarantine (R²=0.104 vs 0.045). The impact of depression, anxiety and stigma on the quality of life of residents during the quarantine period in the centralized quarantine facility decreased with time. Even if these emotional disturbances still existed in the late stage of quarantine, their impacts on the quality of life have been moderated.

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