簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 許世強
Hsu, Shih-Chiang
論文名稱: 開發具藍牙監控功能之獨立型太陽能發電系統
Development of a Stand-alone Photvoltaic Power Harvesting System with Bluetooth Control Function
指導教授: 趙儒民
Chao, Ru-Min
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 系統及船舶機電工程學系
Department of Systems and Naval Mechatronic Engineering
論文出版年: 2016
畢業學年度: 104
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 94
中文關鍵詞: 獨立型太陽能發電系統微控制器電池管理系統藍牙通訊行動裝置APP
外文關鍵詞: Distributed Stand-alone PV system, Microcontroller, Bluetooth communication, Battery management system, Mobile Device APP
相關次數: 點閱:86下載:3
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本研究整合現有功率優化器設計、最大功率點追蹤法等,開發以並聯架構輸出的分散式獨立型太陽能系統。以使用微控制器PIC32做為運算核心的系統控制器建立與功率優化器的通訊,傳送穩壓指令並接收太陽能板輸出電壓、電流等相關資訊進行最大功率點追蹤。本研究也將電池管理系統整合至系統控制器中,包括兩階段式充電法的充電保護機制與開路電壓法搭配庫倫法的電量估測方法。此外,添加BM77藍牙模組至系統控制器中,配合以UNITY開發之應用介面讓使用者可以使用行動裝置透過藍牙通訊進行發電狀況監控與對控制器內之參數進行設定,達到無線監控的功能。
    於測試階段,利用LabVIEW軟體,針對不同溫照度條件進行特性曲線模擬,提供系統控制器進行MPPT,驗證二次式極值演算法程式撰寫的正確性;接著透過太陽能模擬器模擬太陽能板輸出實際電壓電流配合功率優化器進行系統功能測試。
    系統實測階段,以不同太陽能板條件進行系統整日發電測試,驗證系統自動開機與關機、MPPT運算與電池管理等系統功能穩定性。加上定時開啟的功率負載進行長時間的系統應用測試,驗證系統長時間運作下的充放電狀況,驗證系統的可靠性。

    This paper presents a distributed stand-alone photovoltaic system design utilizing Bluetooth technology for monitoring. The ability to conduct Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) are established for the system. A power optimizer design established previously is used in the system. A new stand-alone PV system controller design using microcontroller (MCU) PIC32 as CPU is built and BM77 is used as Bluetooth interface for the controller. A battery management system including two-stage charging control and battery capacity estimation is also integrated in the controller. A mobile device APP interface software application using Bluetooth communication for monitoring and controlling is developed by UNITY multiplatform game engine.
    To test the system, some simulations and field test experiments are conducted. PV characteristic curve with different irradiation is firstly simulated by LabVIEW in order to verify functionality of Quadratic Maximization (Q.M) MPPT program in the controller. By using Solar Array Simulator, the MPPT function with real power input and two-stage charging control are tested. Then, some field test including stability test for system operation for different durations and different load conditions with two PV modules configuration is conduced to verify the system function.

    摘要 I 致謝 V 目錄 VI 表目錄 X 圖目錄 XI 符號表 XVI 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 文獻回顧 3 1.3 研究目的 5 1.4 研究方法 8 1.5 論文架構 9 第二章 太陽能發電系統介紹 10 2.1 太陽能板電池特性以及等效電路 10 2.2 直流-直流電壓轉換器原理 14 2.2.1 降壓型電壓轉換器 15 2.2.2 升壓型電壓轉換器 16 2.3 太陽能最大功率追蹤技術 19 2.3.1 傳統最大功率追蹤演算法 20 2.3.2 二次式極值演算法 22 2.4 太陽能發電系統架構 23 2.4.1 市電並聯型太陽能發電系統 23 2.4.2 獨立型太陽能發電系統 24 2.4.3 集中式太陽能發電系統 24 2.4.4 分散式太陽能發電系統 25 2.4.5 星狀分散式太陽能發電系統 26 第三章 智慧型太陽能發電系統 設計 27 3.1 整體系統架構設計 27 3.2 中央控制器設計架構 29 3.3 主處理器介紹 29 3.3.1 PIC32微控制器 29 3.3.2 程式架構與流程 31 3.3.3 周邊通訊介紹 34 3.4 無線通訊 37 3.4.1 藍牙通訊協定 37 3.4.2 BM77模組 39 3.5 電池管理系統 40 3.5.1 電池充電方法 40 3.5.2 電池電量估測 44 3.6 行動裝置APP 48 3.6.1 程式開發環境 49 3.6.2 程式架構與流程 49 3.7 主控制器電路設計與實現 52 3.7.1 測試電路 52 3.7.2 自給式電源供應模組 54 3.7.3 電路圖設計與製作 55 第四章 系統模擬與實測 58 4.1 使用虛擬太陽能板功率輸出之DMPPT測試 58 4.1.1 測試架構 58 4.1.2 二次式極值法演算法追蹤結果 59 4.2 使用太陽能板模擬器輸出實際功率之系統功能測試 60 4.2.1 測試架構 60 4.2.2 不同負載電壓追蹤測試 62 4.2.3 不同控制器電源運作測試 63 4.2.4 定電壓充電測試 66 4.3 獨立型太陽能系統發電實測 67 4.3.1 兩片相同太陽能板充電測試結果 68 4.3.2 兩片不同太陽能板充電測試結果 71 4.4 獨立型太陽能系統應用測試架構與結果 72 4.4.1 實際應用測試結果 74 4.4.2 測試結果討論 77 第五章 結論與未來展望 83 5.1 結論 83 5.2 未來展望 84 參考文獻 86 附錄A 一週發電結果 (負載條件一) 89 附錄B 一週發電結果 (負載條件二) 92

    [1] “BP Energy Outlook 2030”, British Petroleum, January 2013.
    [2] “Annual Energy Outlook 2015”, U.S. Information Administration, 2015.
    [3] Peter Wong, "U.S. solar PV net metering capacity continued strong growth in 2015," U.S. Information Administration, February 26, 2016. Available: http://www.eia.gov/.
    [4] April Lee and Carolyn Moses, "EIA electricity data now include es-timated small-scale solar PV capacity and generation," U.S. Infor-mation Administration, December 2, 2015. Available: http://www.eia.gov/.
    [5] D. Sera and Y. Baghzouz, "on the impact of Partial Shading on PV Output Power" in 2nd WSEAS/IASME Conference on RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES(RES’08), pp.229-234, 2008.
    [6] J. H. R. Enslin, M. S. Wolf, D. B. Snyman, and W.Swiegers, "Inter-grated photovoltaic maximum power point tracking converter," In-dustrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 44, pp. 769-773, 1997.
    [7] G. R. Walker and P. C. Sernia, "Cascaded DC-DC converter connec-tion of photovoltaic modules," Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 19, pp. 1130-1139, 2004.”
    [8] S. Poshtkouhi, J. Varley, R. Popuri, and O.Trescases, "Analysis of distributed peak power tracking in photovoltaic systems" in Power Electronics Conference(IPEC), 2010 International, pp.942-947,2010.
    [9] Koutroulis, E.; Kalaitzakis, K.; Voulgaris, N.C., "Development of a microcontroller-based, photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system", Power Electronics, IEE Transactions on, vol.16, no.1, pp.46,54,Jan 2001.
    [10] Application Notes, "Preparing a SolarEdge System for Future StorEdgeTM Upgrade," SolarEdge Technology Inc, 2016.
    [11] 鄭煜騰,獨立式太陽能電力擷取系統應用研究,國立成功大學系統所碩士論文,2011年。
    [12] 羅晨峰,分散式太陽能發電系統之功率優化器設計與實作研究,國立成功大學系統所碩士論文,2013年。
    [13] M. A. Green, K. Emery, Y. Hishikawa, and W. Warta, "Solar cell ef-ficiency tables (version 36)," Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, vol. 18, pp. 346-352, 2010.
    [14] 林鼎傑,太陽能發電系統受遮陰效應之電腦模擬,國立成功大學系統所碩士論文,2012年。
    [15] K. L. Kennerud, "Analysis of performance degradation in CdS solar cells", ibid., AES-5, pp.912-917, 1969.
    [16] R. W. Erickson and D. Maksimovic, "Fundamentals of Power Elec-tronics," Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2nd edition, 2001.
    [17] V. Salas, E. Olı´as, A. Barrado and A. La´ zaro,“ Review of the maximum power point tracking algorithms for stand-alone photo-voltaic systems” , REVIEW ARTICLE Solar EnergyMaterials and Solar Cells, Volume 90, Issue 11, pp. 1555-1578, 2006.
    [18] R. M. Chao, S. H. Ko, F. S. Pai, I. H. Lin, and C. C. Chang, "Evalu-ation of a photovoltaic energy mechatronics system with a built-in quadratic maximum power point tracking algorithm," Solar Energy, vol. 83, pp. 2177-2185, 2009.
    [19] P. Fu-Sheng and C. Ru-Min, "A New Algorithm to Photovoltaic Power Point Tracking Problems With Quadratic Maximization," En-ergy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 25, pp. 262-264, 2010.
    [20] S.-H. Ko and R.-M. Chao, "Photovoltaic dynamic MPPT on a moving vehicle," Solar Energy, vol. 86, pp. 1750-1760, 2012.
    [21] H. Patel and V. Agarwal, "MATLAB-Based Modeling to Study the Effects of Partial Shading on PV Array Characteristics," Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 23, pp. 302-310, 2008.
    [22] H. Patel and V. Agarwal, "Maximum Power Point Tracking Scheme for PV Systems Operating Under Partially Shaded Conditions," In-dustrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 55, pp. 1689-1698, 2008.
    [23] 謝智偉,分散式太陽能發電系統電網併聯之整合研究,國立成功大學系統所碩士論文,2014年。
    [24] Microchip Technology Inc, PIC32MX5XX/6XX/7XX Family Data Sheet, 2016.
    [25] 李俊賢,"無線感測網路與ZigBee協定簡介",工研院電通所,電信國家型科技計劃,2006年,77期。
    [26] Wayne Staab, "Bluetooth 101 – Part VI – Bluetooth Architecture," HearingHealthMatters.org, January, 2014. Available: http://hearinghealthmatters.org/.
    [27] Analytic Systems, "Power Conversion Solutions", 2010.
    [28] B.B. Battery Inc technical staff, Valve Regulated Lead-Acid Battery Manual, B.B. Battery Inc, 2010.
    [29] 呂政峰,太陽能電力船效率提升之研究,國立成功大學系統所碩士論文,2015年。
    [30] K. Kutluay, Y. Çadırcı, and Y. S. Özkazanç, “A New Online State-of-Charge Estimation and Monitoring System for Sealed Lead–Acid Batteries in Telecommunication Power Supplies”, Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 52, No. 5, October, 2005.

    下載圖示 校內:2018-08-01公開
    校外:2018-08-01公開
    QR CODE