隨著全球暖化與能源消耗問題日益嚴峻，提升燃料使用效率並降低排放對環境與人體健康的衝擊成為當代能源與環保領域的重要研究方向，內燃式發電設備-汽油發電機，其燃燒過程中常伴隨不完全燃燒，產生大量有害氣體與粒狀污染物，傳統的末端處理法雖能降低污染排放，但面臨設備成本高昂與潛在二次污染的挑戰，本研究聚焦源頭污染控制，探索奈米/微米顆粒材料在燃燒催化中的應用潛力。
本研究以二氧化鈰（CeO₂）奈米顆粒為基礎，透過共沉澱法成功修飾了鐵（Fe）與銅（Cu）金屬，製備出改質奈米/微米添加劑，添加鐵與銅的目的在於強化CeO₂的氧化還原能力與活性氧釋放特性，進一步提升其在催化燃燒過程中的氧氣儲存/釋放效率，藉以改善其在低溫下的催化活性穩定性，研究首先探討了不同熱處理溫度對修飾後CeO₂奈米/微米顆粒的粒徑分佈與分散性的影響，發現適當的熱處理溫度對粒徑至關重要，過高的溫度會導致顆粒聚集，將製備的奈米/微米添加劑以25 ppm與100 ppm的濃度添加於汽油中，並進行汽油發電機燃燒，搭配五氣分析儀進行燃燒後氣體採樣，同時評估其粒狀物及多環芳香烴化合物生成的影響。
結果顯示，CeO₂及其金屬修飾奈米顆粒添加之汽油燃燒效率提升，奈米顆粒的熱傳及促進霧化機制使燃料更快速被充分氧化，進而降低CO與HC等還原型氣體污染物形成，同時提升能源效率，對CO₂排放減量具一定效果，CeO₂奈米顆粒在較高濃度添加下（100 ppm）展現出優異的PAHs抑制效能，能顯著降低總PAHs濃度及毒性並有效抑制高分子量PAHs的生成，同時對CPM具有明顯的抑制效果，鐵修飾CeO₂在特定高濃度與高負載條件下，可能因觸媒熱失活或活性氧過度產生而導致PAHs生成量顯著升高，顯示其高度的操作敏感及負相關性，奈米/微米添加劑在燃燒後期可能作為成核中心，促使FPM2.5顯著生成。
本研究證實此類奈米添加劑具備作為汽油燃燒優化方案的潛力，可提升燃燒效率並在適當條件下有效抑制多種污染物的排放，其應用需精確控制添加劑種類、濃度及操作條件，特別是考量高溫環境下的催化穩定性與對特定污染物的雙向影響，未來應著重於奈米/微米添加劑的精確設計，對能源轉型與空氣品質改善提供可行方法。

This study investigates the use of cerium dioxide (CeO₂) nano/microparticles, modified with iron (Fe) and copper (Cu), as additives in gasoline to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions from small internal combustion generators. The research first optimized heat treatment for particle size and dispersibility. Blending these CeO₂ nanoparticles into gasoline at 25 ppm and 100 ppm, combustion tests showed enhanced efficiency, reducing harmful gases like CO and HC. Notably, CeO₂ significantly suppressed PAHs (86%-91% reduction) and condensable particulate matter (CPM). However, Fe-modified CeO₂ showed high operational sensitivity, sometimes increasing PAHs and FPM2.5 under specific high-load conditions, suggesting potential thermal deactivation or excessive reactive oxygen species. While promising for optimizing gasoline engine generator combustion and improving combustion efficiency, precise control of additive type, concentration, and operating conditions is crucial due to their complex impact on pollutants like PAHs and PM2.5.

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