鄉村社區在日常生活中有許多豐富的生活行為，這些生活行為與特質是社區生活文化與發展的背景與內涵，即便是廣場上嬉戲的兒童、拉出椅子坐在路邊與鄰居聊天、在榕樹下閒坐、前院裡邊聊天邊剝龍眼等的生活行為也都是社區故事的一部分。這些鄉村型戶外生活行為與活動，過去很少有人深入做調查與研究，因此本研究探討社區的戶外公共生活行為與其生活空間環境發展的特質與問題，企圖的去觀察分析這些生活場域之中的特質，尋找其生活內涵與生活環境的價值與未來的發展機會。

藉由觀察記錄與社區生活的參與，發現鄉村社區的特殊生活內涵與空間構成，因此進而做分析討論與研究：1.社區計畫書的內容整理與分析、2.計畫書內容的卻認與社區活動的參與、3.社區居民戶外生活行為調查等研究方法，分析社區活動與行為以及空間分佈的特質。

本研究分析結果如下：

A. 社區組織舉辦的社區活動：社區的生活與環境空間不斷的在進化，從原來的只在活動中心作活動，到現在社區營造了許多的公共生活空間點，產生了多元化的生活內涵，社區組織透過與外部團體的交流讓社區學習與進化，企圖讓社區居民更重視自己的生活內涵與生活環境並持續的參與社區公共事務。

B. 社區自發性生活行為與空間聚點：刻意被創造出來的空間並不一定符合居民的使用，或是可以說居民不一定會來使用，研究中特別去分析觀察社區自發性的生活行為與生活空間，這種沒有刻意安排自主形成的活動空間構成要素有1.空間位置、2.主人長時間在空間、3.人際關係三方面的影響。

C. 鄉村社區「共」生活：本研究中將生活行為與生活空間聚焦於公共、聚集、互動、交誼等的共生活型態，企圖去理解社區產生「共」的因子與特質，社區的「共」生活空間可分為兩類：1.公有空間2.共有空間，這兩類影響著居民對於空間的使用習慣與使用時的心態，如果能運用這些「共」空間與生活行為並適當的注入關鍵人物，使共空間生活內容轉化為對社區的公共議題有幫助的關鍵內涵時會使社區的「共」生活更加有意義。

SUMMARY

There is a lot of culture of life and history in community. The development of multiple community is include of life behavior and abundant community activities. Community organizations care about community with a lot of different types activity. The life behavior of community is extending from inside to outside. The research is attempts to explore the public life and space characteristics of rural community. Community activities can be classification as collective activities, spontaneous activities and public activities from external organizations, then organize and analysis the characteristics of public space. The community development association and external organizations is committed to making the community grow. The research analysis constitute and connotation of community life area what attempts to discuss residents interaction and possibility of future development of community life. Community use this as a basis to sustainable development in future.

Key words: Rural community life area, Public living space, Living area with space emotion, Lifestyle behavior, The constitute of the life behavior area

INTRODUCTION

There are a lot of abundant lifestyle behavior in country community. The lifestyle behavior and characteristics are meaning and background of community life, culture and development. That is a part of community stories, the children playing on the ground , to chating with neighbors on the roadside and forecourt, sitting under the tree. Few of people do the research and depth investigation of the community lifestyle and outdoor activities in the past. Therefore, the research to discuss the characteristics and problems of public lifestyle environment and the possible of development in the future, by observing and in depth analysis characteristics of the life field.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

From the research and analysis, to discover the special connotations of life and the constitution of space by observating and participating of community life. The method is as follows:
1. Sort out and analysis the community plan.
2. Confirm the plan and participate to the community activities.
3. The ways of researching of the outdoor lifestyle behavior to the community residents, analysis the community activities and the characteristics of spatial dis tribution.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The community is abundant of activity, what is include of autonomous activity and public activity. There are a lot of public life spaces creating by community development association. But the space, which is not adequate supply to the community public activity or life needs. Then we can observe the phenomenon, what is formed a private space into a public nature places. The places gather forming public life behavior, what is composition by residents. Residents are gather from chance encounter to fixed, from chat whit residents by standing to put furniture on the street. Then the places become a fixed meeting place for residents. The public activity and autonomous activity is not the same. The public activity is planning by community development association or external organizations. There are planning by some purpose, and let the community progressive. Different kind of space support different types of activities, so residents and community development dssociation cooperate development of space and activities. However, the community will have a positive development.

The public life activity in community could analysis by some conclusion:
1. Design the public places by observe the behavior of the residents living.
2. Link the different space by the living path.
3. Create lasting public activity. Design the public activity and maintenance management the public space could keeping community progress.

CONCLUSION

There are about contents of the research:
A. To give community activities by community organization:
The continuous evolution of community life and environment, from activing in the activity center originally to a lot of public spots of life space. To creat more pluralistic life content. Community organizations pass through to communicate with external parties to make community learning and evoulution. Try to make the residents attaching important to the life content and environment and keep join to public affairs.

B. Spontaneity life beharior and space spots of community:
Creating a space deliberately is not to be suitable for resident using possibly, or not to be use of resident. The research is to be analysis and observed of spontaneity community life behaviors and life space. The components of the space arrangement autonomy: 1. The location of space. 2. The host stay a space most of time. 3. The influences of interpersonal.

C. 「Altogether life」of community:
The focus of the life behavior and life space is public, gather, interactive, social and many more of altogether life types in this research. And try to understand the factors and characteristics of community altogether life: 1. Public space. 2. Shared space. The influences of resident using habit and using mentality in space by these two types. If the altogether space and life behavior can be used to make the key figures participate and turn it to be important content for public issue helpful, and make the altogether life of community more meaningful.

書籍

1. 地方感 : 環境空間的經驗.記憶與想像 / 蔡文川著
高雄市 : 麗文文化, 2010
2. 城市密碼 : 觀察城市的100個場景 / 安妮.米柯萊(Anne Mikoleit), 摩里茲.普克豪爾(Moritz Pürckhauer)著 ; 洪世民譯
臺北市 : 行人文化實驗室出版 ; [新北市] ; 大和書報圖書總經銷, 2012
3. 社區建築 : 人民如何創造自我的環境 / 尼克.華茲 (Nick Wates), 查里斯.肯尼維堤 (Charles Knevitt) 著 ; 謝慶達, 林賢卿譯
臺北市 : 創興, 民82
4. 環境品質與社區參與 / 劉可強著
臺北市 : 文建會策劃出版 : 藝術圖書總經銷, 民83
5. 公共空間 / 夏鑄九著
臺北市 : 文建會策劃出版 : 藝術圖書總經銷, 民83
6. 消失中的都市部落: 臺東市馬蘭社阿美族生活空間的形成與轉變/ 李玉芬著
高雄市 : 麗文文化, 2007
7. 琢磨社區文化與生活 : 打造美好的共和國 : 文化建設與社區生活系列論壇專輯 / 中華民國社區營造學會策劃
臺北市 : 唐山, 2006
8. 鄉村發展的理論與實際 / 蔡宏進著
臺北市 : 東大發行 : 三民總經銷, 民82
9. 社區文化建設 / 王衍芬主編
臺北市 : 林榮三文化公益基金會, 民85
10. 社區營造與社會發展 / 李松根作
臺北市 : 問津堂, 2002
11. 社區與社區發展 / 徐震著
臺北巿 : 正中, 民71
12. 社區參與及發展 : 開發者指南 / 美國都市與土地協會 The Urban Land Institute 著 ; 蔡鈺鑫原譯 ; 開創都市與土地研究室編譯
臺北市 : 創興出版 : 詹氏總經銷, 民81
13. 故事與故鄉 : 創意城鄉的十二個原型 / 邱于芸著
臺北市 : 遠流, 2012

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