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研究生: 陳聰偉
Chen, Tsung-Wei
論文名稱: 表面處理對碳/碳複合材料性質之影響
Effect of surface treatment on properties of carbon/carbon composites
指導教授: 朱建平
Ju, Chien-Ping
陳瑾惠
Chern Lin, Jiin-Huey
共同指導教授: 李國榮
Lee, Kuo-Jung
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 材料科學及工程學系
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 194
中文關鍵詞: 碳/碳複合材料表面處理緻密化製程動態沖蝕
外文關鍵詞: carbon/carbon composite, surface treatment, densification process, erosion
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  • 本研究為針對快速碳化製備的碳/碳複合材料分別於不同階段實施表面處理,以此探討密度、孔隙率、含浸效率及機械性質的影響。在預浸過程中分別使用酚醛樹脂與石油瀝青做為碳的前驅體,緻密化階段皆使用樹脂做為含浸液。試片最後會在氟化鹽類中進行沖蝕試驗,觀察密封層在沖蝕前後的變化。
    實驗結果顯示,於不同緻密化階段實施表面處理的試片對於密度的提升、孔隙率的下降及機械性質的提高均較熱壓階段實施表面處理的試片表現優異。且經過沖蝕試驗後,表面處理層與碳/碳複合材料表面依然擁有接合性。
    綜合實驗結果發現,於緻密化階段實施表面處理的試片整體性質均提高了,並經過氟化鹽類環境中的沖蝕試驗後,其密封性依然不受影響,極具應用於高溫熱交換器的潛力。

    This study is to investigate the effect of surface treatment of fast-carbonized carbon/carbon composites on density, porosity, densification efficiency and mechanical properties. Phenolic resin and petroleum pitch were used as precursor, and in impregnation stage resin were used. All the specimens were eroded in Flinak and observed the changes in sealing layer before and after the erosion test.
    The test results indicate that carbon/carbon applied surface treatment at densification stage with higher density, mechanical strength, and lower porosity than it applied surface treatment at hot-pressed stage. After erosion test, the sealing layer and the carbon/carbon composite specimens bonded together, without peeling and delamination.
    Consequently, carbon/carbon composite applied surface treatment can improve the overall properties of carbon/carbon composite, and the sealing layer still remain after erosion test in Flinak, it has great potential in high-temperature heat exchanger tube.

    中文摘要 I Abstract II 致謝 III 總目錄 V 表目錄 XI 圖目錄 XIII 第一章 前言 1 第二章 文獻回顧 4 2.1 碳/碳複合材料之發展 4 2.2 碳/碳複合材料之製程 5 2.2.1 預型材(Preform) 5 2.2.1.1 碳纖維之介紹 5 2.2.1.2 基材種類及性質 7 2.2.1.2.1 酚醛樹脂(Phenolic Resin) 8 2.2.1.2.2 石油瀝青(Petroleum Pitch) 9 2.2.1.3 表面處理材料-密封層 13 2.2.2 穩定化(Post-curing) 15 2.2.3 碳化(Carbonization) 16 2.2.4 石墨化(Graphitization) 18 2.2.5 緻密化(Densification) 19 2.3 碳/碳複合材料之性質 21 2.3.1 碳纖維與基材間交互作用 22 2.3.2 碳/碳複合材料之熱物理性質 23 2.3.3 碳/碳複合材料之相關機械性質 24 2.3.3.1 碳纖維含量對機械性質的影響 26 2.3.3.2 密度對機械性質的影響 26 2.3.3.3 熱解碳微結構對機械性質的影響 27 2.3.3.4 製程對機械性質的影響 28 2.3.3.5 碳化升溫速率對機械性質的影響 29 2.3.3.6 石墨化處理參數對機械性質的影響 30 2.3.4 碳/碳複合材料之抗氧化 32 2.4 碳/碳複合材料之應用 33 2.4.1 碳/碳複合材料在航太工業之應用 33 2.4.2 碳/碳複合材料在運輸工具煞車之應用 33 2.4.3 碳/碳複合材料在高溫熱壓模具與高溫爐之應用 34 2.4.4 碳/碳複合材料在生醫材料之應用 34 2.4.5 碳/碳複合材料在核能材料之應用 35 2.5 第四代核子反應器的發展與FLINAK的應用 35 2.5.1 第四代核子反應器被提出與原由 35 2.5.2 第四代反應器的分類 37 2.5.3 熔融鹽反應器的設計與介紹 37 2.5.4 Flinak的性質簡介 39 2.5.5 材料在氟化熔鹽中腐蝕與沖蝕行為 40 第三章 實驗方法 69 3.1 實驗材料 69 3.1.1 基材 69 3.1.1.1 液態酚醛樹脂 69 3.1.1.2 石油瀝青 69 3.1.2 碳纖維布強化材 69 3.1.3 液態酚醛樹脂含浸液 70 3.1.4 核能級密封層 70 3.1.5 高溫沖蝕原料 70 3.2 試片製備 70 3.2.1 預型材製備 71 3.2.2 預浸材製備 71 3.2.3 真空熱壓成型 72 3.2.4 穩定化 73 3.2.5 初步碳化 73 3.2.6 石墨化 74 3.2.7 真空緻密化含浸 75 3.2.8 緻密化階段表面處理 76 3.2.8.1 真空含浸 76 3.2.8.2 真空熱壓 77 3.2.8.3 穩定化 77 3.2.8.4 慢速碳化 77 3.2.9 試片裁切 78 3.3 性質量測及分析 78 3.3.1 體密度及孔隙率量測 78 3.3.2 厚度量測 79 3.3.3 抗彎試驗 79 3.3.4 熔鹽Flinak動態沖蝕試驗 80 3.3.4.1 沖蝕儀器介紹 80 3.3.4.2 熔鹽Flinak的純化 82 3.3.4.3 熔鹽Flinak動態沖蝕 83 3.3.5 掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察 83 第四章 結果與討論 105 4.1 碳/碳複合材料密度性質之探討 105 4.1.1 預型材對碳/碳複合材料密度性質之影響 105 4.1.2 表面處理對碳/碳複合材料密度性質之影響 106 4.1.3 碳/碳複合材料密度性質之綜合比較 108 4.2 碳/碳複合材料孔隙率性質之探討 108 4.2.1 預型材對碳/碳複合材料孔隙率性質之影響 108 4.2.2 表面處理對碳/碳複合材料孔隙率性質之影響 109 4.2.3 碳/碳複合材料孔隙率性質之綜合比較 111 4.3 碳/碳複合材料含浸效率之探討 111 4.3.1 預型材對碳/碳複合材料含浸效率之影響 111 4.3.2 表面處理對碳/碳複合材料含浸效率之影響 112 4.3.3 碳/碳複合材料含浸效率之綜合比較 113 4.4 碳/碳複合材料抗彎試驗強度值之探討 114 4.4.1 預型材對碳/碳複合材料抗彎強度值之影響 115 4.4.2 表面處理對碳/碳複合材料抗彎強度值之影響 116 4.4.3 碳/碳複合材料抗彎強度值之綜合比較 116 4.5 碳/碳複合材料顯微結構之探討 117 4.5.1 三點抗彎破斷面之顯微結構 117 4.5.2 沖蝕試驗 118 4.5.2.1 沖蝕前顯微結構 118 4.5.2.2 沖蝕後顯微結構 119 第五章 結論 184 第六章 參考文獻 186

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