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研究生: 顏禎恩
Yen, Chen-En
論文名稱: 含親水/疏水基共聚高分子合成鑑定與其於鋰電池正極漿料之流變學/電化學特性探討
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrophile/Lyophile -Contained Copolymers and their Rheological / Electrochemical properties as used for Cathode of Lithium Batteries
指導教授: 郭炳林
Kuo, Ping-Lin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 117
中文關鍵詞: 鋰電池黏著劑導電碳正極流變性質
外文關鍵詞: Lithium batteries, Cathode, Binder, LiFePO4, Rheology
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  • 本研究以溶液聚合法,合成出具有導離子性的均聚物,和將導離子性的單體加入親水基(AM)/疏水基(MA)單體合成無規共聚高分子,分別為P、PcAM、PcMA,利用傅立葉紅外線光譜儀(FT-IR)及核磁共振儀(1H-NMR)證實成功合成和利用凝膠滲透色譜(GPC)確認三種高分子分子量(Mn)分別是347,461Da、377,103Da,376,500Da,並將高分子作為正極黏著劑應用於鋰電池中,探討其正極漿料流變性質和電化學性質,且以商業用黏著劑PVDF進行比較。本研究以傅立葉紅外線光譜儀確認出導離子官能基與正極漿料中的導電碳作用位置;並以迴旋式磁流變儀中的動態頻率掃描觀察到添加PcAM、PcMA的漿料中,網格強度較小;以及利用光學顯微鏡,以及高分子與導電碳形成的薄膜之導電度測試,確認出P及其共聚高分子能使漿料中導電碳的分散較為均勻,其中又以PcAM的分散表現最佳。此外在電化學測試中,PcAM在LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2電池放電速率10C電容為70 mAh g-1;在LiFePO4電池中於5C放電速率電容仍有118 mAh g-1,相比PVDF擁有更佳的電化學表現。經由循環充放電測試中,本實驗合成的黏著劑在磷酸鋰鐵電池200圈充放電測試維持庫侖效率99%。

    In this study, we synthesized three kinds of polymer, including: P, PcAM, and PcMA. P was homopolymer which was polymerized via ion conducting monomer. PcAM / PcMA were random copolymers which were polymerized via ion conducting monomer incorporated hydrophile (AM) / lyophile (MA) monomer, respectively. The number average molecular weight of P, PcAM and PcMA were 347,461Da, 377,103Da and 376,500Da respectively via GPC. These three polymers were used as binders for cathode of lithium battery. Herein, we discussed rheological properties of electrode slurry and electrochemical performance with various binders. By FT-IR, we found the interaction between conductive agent (SuperP) and our binders, which occurred at conducting group and -NH2 of hydrophile group. Additionally, we found that modified-polymers, PcAM and PcMA, were more well dispersed than P in the N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone. By angular frequency sweep test of cathode slurry, we observed that PcAM and PcMA could more effectively disperse percolated structure composed of SuperP via colloidal force, however, commercial Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) was not observed this phenomenon. Also, we used Optical Microscope to observe dispersion of SuperP in different polymer-contained slurry and measured electrical conductivity of polymer/SuperP film to confirm that when using PcAM as binder, the dispersion of SuperP would become better. In electrochemical performance of LFP cathode, PcAM exhibited 118mAh g-1 at 5 C rate compared with 71 mAh g-1 for PVDF. In cycling test, PcAM exhibited better cycling stability. After charging-discharging with 1 C rate 200 times, its capacity retention was 99% compared with 93.7% for PVDF.

    摘要.....I Abstract.....II 誌謝.....XII 目錄.....XIII 表目錄.....XVIII 圖目錄.....XIX 第一章 緒論.....1 1.1前言.....1 1.2鋰離子電池簡介.....2 1.3黏著劑.....3 第二章 文獻回顧.....5 2.1鋰離子電池工作原理.....5 2.2 正極材料.....6 2.2.1 磷酸鋰鐵(LiFePO4).....7 2.2.2鋰鈷氧化物(LiCoO2).....10 2.2.3鋰鎳鈷錳氧化物(三元材料LiNi1-xCoyMnzO2、NCM).....11 2.3電解液.....12 2.4黏著劑.....13 2.4.1聚偏二氟乙烯(Polyvinylidene Fluoride,PVDF).....13 2.4.2 聚丙烯腈(PAN,Polyacrylonitrile).....14 2.4.3羧甲基纖維素(CMC,Carboxylmethyl cellulose).....15 2.4.4 聚丙烯酸(PAA,Polyacrylic acid).....16 2.5分散原理.....17 2.5.1 D.L.V.O.理論.....18 2.5.2立體障礙之穩定效果.....19 2.5.3 界面活性劑於固體表面的吸附行為.....20 2.5.4分散程序.....21 2.6 鋰離子電池極片工藝.....22 2.6.1 濕法混料工藝.....23 2.6.2 乾法混料工藝.....23 2.7 極片材料的分散行為.....24 2.7.1 碳黑對於漿料結構行為的影響.....25 2.7.2 高分子黏著劑對於漿料結構行為的影響.....26 2.7.3 活物對於漿料結構的影響.....28 2.8 溶液聚合法.....31 2.9 研究動機.....32 第三章 實驗.....33 3.1實驗藥品與材料.....33 3.2 實驗儀器.....35 3.3高分子製備與電池組裝.....36 3.3.1合成含丙烯醯胺/丙烯酸甲酯導離子基共聚高分子.....36 3.3.2 正極極片製作.....37 3.3.3 鈕扣型電池組裝.....38 3.4材料性質鑑定與分析.....39 3.4.1傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀(FT-IR).....39 3.4.2核磁共振光譜儀.....39 3.4.3熱重分析儀(TGA).....41 3.4.4 微差式掃描熱卡計(DSC).....41 3.4.5 凝膠滲透色譜(GPC).....41 3.4.6掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM).....42 3.4.7迴旋式磁流變儀.....43 3.4.8 光學顯微鏡.....44 3.4.9 剝離力測試.....45 3.5 電化學測試.....45 3.5.1循環伏安法.....45 3.5.2電化學阻抗頻譜(Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) .....46 3.5.3 極片導電度測試.....48 3.5.4電池充放電能力測試(C-rate Test).....49 3.5.5電池循環壽命測試(Cycle Life Test).....49 第四章 結果與討論 .....50 4.1 共聚高分子之鑑定.....50 4.1.1傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分析(FT-IR).....50 4.1.2 核磁共振光譜分析(1H-NMR).....53 4.1.3共聚高分子分子量鑑定.....55 4.1.4熱重損失分析.....57 4.1.5 微差式掃描熱卡計.....59 4.1.6 剝離力測試.....61 4.2正極漿料之分析.....62 4.2.1高分子黏著劑與溶劑導電碳作用力探討/傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分析(FT-IR) .....63 4.2.2 高分子黏著劑與溶劑N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP)作用力探討 .....67 4.2.3迴旋式磁流變儀.....69 4.2.4光學顯微鏡.....75 4.2.5極片導電度測試.....81 4.2.6電極表面與截面型態.....83 4.3電化學之分析.....89 4.3.1 循環伏安法(CV).....89 4.3.2 不同充放電速率測試(Rate Performance).....93 4.3.3 循環壽命測試(Cycle Life).....101 4.3.4 電化學阻抗頻譜分析(EIS).....108 第五章 結論.....112 第六章 參考資料.....114

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