在本篇論文中，我們於模擬與實驗中探討了Nd:YVO4（摻釹原釩酸鹽釔）雷射系統中，由共振腔架構（無調制）及泵源調制引發的非線性動態。在近簡併共振腔的架構下，調於特定範圍的腔長及泵源功率，可在無調制訊號的加入下可由基模與橫模競爭泵源的能量引發混沌與極端事件。而在加入調制訊號的情況下，我們將調制頻率調接近與遠離系統的鬆弛振盪頻率時會觀測到不同的動態。當調制頻率調離鬆弛振盪頻率時，混沌與極端事件會在相同且較高閥值的調制深度下產生，而當調制頻率調近鬆弛振盪頻率時，兩者會產生於不同但較低閥值的調制深度。其動態行為亦透過進入混沌的路徑、極端事件百分比率與大於零的李亞普諾夫指數變化討論之。接著，調制頻率與鬆弛振盪頻率的共振可由低百分比調制深度下，輸出與輸入訊號間的振幅比和相位差隨調制頻率的變化觀測之。當調制頻率調於橫模的鬆弛振盪頻率附近時，此共振現象會在近簡併共振腔的架構下引發光學雙穩態，而在簡併共振腔的架構下則不會觀測到雙穩態的現象。

In this thesis, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate the cavity-configuration-dependent (modulation-free) and pump-modulation-induced nonlinear dynamics of a Nd:YVO4(Neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate) laser system. Operating at a certain range of pump powers and cavity lengths around the near-mode-degenerate cavity configuration, chaos as well as extreme events (EEs) caused by the mode competition for the pump energy between the fundamental mode and transverse modes can be obtained without the addition of modulation signals. Next, with the addition of modulation signals, we observed different dynamics with the modulation frequency (fm) tuned near and away from the relaxation oscillation frequency (fROF) of the system. Chaos and EEs were obtained at a higher and same threshold of modulation depth (Pm) when fm is tuned away from fROF while chaos and EEs were obtained at lower but distinct thresholds when fm was tuned near fROF. The dynamics were also analyzed through the route towards chaotic regime, evolutions of EE ratio and positive Lyapunov exponents. The resonance between fm and fROF can be observed through the amplitude ratio and phase difference evolution between the output and input signals under a low percentage of Pm with varying fm. The resonance induced optical bistability when fm was tuned around fROF of the transverse modes at near-mode-degenerate cavity configuration, while optical bistability was not observed at mode-degenerate cavity configuration.

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