量子資訊處理為新興量子技術提供了新的可能，如量子計算和量子通訊等。在各種量子資訊處理任務中，量子糾纏是一種重要的物理資源，應用於遠端狀態準備、到量子隱形傳態、量子密鑰分發、單向量子計算等任務。 上述任務的執行很大程度取決於糾纏的品質。 因此，識別糾纏是檢查量子資訊過程可信度的重要一環。

為了確保任務中涉及的關鍵程序或過程在量子狀態下可靠地執行，量子力學中的過程因其不尋常的特性和潛在的應用而引起了人們的極大興趣。 在量子物理學基礎領域，人們對識別無法用古典物理學描述的過程有著濃厚的興趣。 這些過程的識別有助於檢視量子力學是否可以描述觀察到的現象背後的基本原理。

本論文記錄了我們如何在實驗上實現六光子糾纏，以演示如何定量識別量子動力學過程並評估多個量子資訊處理任務中動態過程的量子力學特徵。 在我們的實驗中，透過兩種不同的實驗設置中透過超快脈衝雷射激發自發參數下轉換（SPDC）產生糾纏光子對，產生的糾纏對的保真度分別為0.94和0.92。 然後，我們將兩對偏振糾纏光子對中的一個光子在偏振分束器上干涉，以產生四光子和六光子糾纏態。 我們透過產生的多體糾纏態演示非古典遠程狀態準備和單向量子計算的非古典能力。 在論文的最後一部分，我將總結應用多體糾纏態在量子資訊處理任務中透過量子過程所展現各種量子力學效應。

Quantum information processing provides a new paradigm for the emerging generation of quantum technologies, such as quantum computation band quantum communication, and in a variety of quantum-information processing tasks, quantum entanglement is an important physical resource, from remote state preparation to quantum teleportation, and quantum key distribution to one-way quantum computing. The performance of above tasks is critically dependent on the quality of entanglement. Thus, identifying entanglement is an essential component in examining the faithfulness of quantum-information processes.

For the need to ensure whether key procedures or processes involved in the task are reliably performed in the quantum regime, physical processes in quantum mechanics attract considerable interest on account of their unusual characteristics and potential applications. In the field of the foundations of quantum physics, there is strong interest in identifying processes that cannot be explained using classical physics. The identification of such processes helps clarify whether quantum mechanics can describe the rationale behind observed phenomena.

This dissertation documents how we experimentally implement and characterize six-photon entanglement to demonstrate how to quantitative identify quantum dynamical processes and to evaluate the prescribed quantum-mechanical features of a dynamical process in several quantum information processing tasks. In our experiments, the photon pairs are produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process pumped by ultrafast optical pulses in two different experimental setting, and the fidelity of generated entangled pairs are respectively 0.94 and 0.99. We then lead one photon of the two pairs of polarization-entangled photon pairs are interfered on the polarizing beam splitter to generate four-photon and six-photon entangled states. We further demonstrate non-classical remote state preparation and non-classical capability of one-way quantum computation via the generated multipartite entangled states. In the last part of the dissertation, I will conclude the application of multipartite entangled states on demonstrating kinds of quantum-mechanic effect via quantum processes in quantum information processing tasks.

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