近年台灣能源政策持續朝向淨零碳排放目標邁進，具碳中和特性的生質能需求隨之攀升。木質顆粒與廢棄菇包為台灣常見農業廢棄物，過往多以露天焚燒處置，易造成空氣污染。生質物氣化可產出可燃之合成氣，但需額外的淨化與分離設備；直接燃燒則常伴隨污染物排放與床材團聚等操作問題。基於此，本研究將氣化與燃燒整合於單一流體化床反應器中，透過一體化設計同時達成設備簡化、污染物排放控制與降低床材團聚風險之多重目標，提升系統整體效能與可行性。首先，本研究針對木顆粒、廢菇包進行熱值、元素及近似分析，再利用 TGA 實驗探討原料在空氣環境下之受熱行為，並進行綜合燃燒特性指數、協同效應、活化能之分析，瞭解原料基礎的熱裂解與燃燒特性。後續於 10kWth 流化床進行氣化後燃燒實驗，並搭配田口實驗法找出四種最佳化目標參數(最低 NOX 排放、最低 CO 排放、最小飛灰排放、最大可用能效率)。協同效應分析結果顯示在340~400 °C以及400~460 °C時，混合燃料出現正向偕同效應；活化能分析發現在BR=40%時燃料具有最低的活化能 89.81 kJ/mol，低於理論值的108.05 kJ/mol。田口實驗法分析指出，混摻比對 NOX 排放以及飛灰排放影響最為顯著，其歸因於廢菇包的具有較多的氮含量以及質量輕、顆粒細碎的特性；二次進氣位置則主導 CO 排放與可用能效率，其中 CO 對二次進氣位置尤為敏感，顯示提供充分的混合與停留空間可促進合成氣與空氣均勻混合、提升燃燒完全度，進而改善系統整體效能。

Biomass gasification can generate combustible syngas but requires additional purification and separation systems, whereas direct combustion often leads to pollutant emissions and bed material agglomeration. To address these issues, this study integrates gasification and combustion within a single fluidized-bed reactor to simplify the system, improve emission control, and reduce agglomeration risk, using wood pellets and spent mushroom substrates as fuels.
Proximate analysis shows that wood pellets contain a higher volatile matter (66.73%), which enhances the gasification reactions, whereas spent mushroom substrates have a higher ash content (23.7%) that can promote bed material agglomeration. Synergistic effect analysis revealed positive interactions between 340~400 °C and 400~460 °C for the blended fuels. The activation energy analysis indicated that the fuel exhibited the lowest activation energy of 89.81 kJ/mol at a bed ratio (BR) of 40%, lower than the theoretical value of 108.05 kJ/mol. Gasification–combustion experiments were carried out in a 10 kWₜₕ fluidized-bed reactor, and the Taguchi method was employed to determine the optimal operating parameters for four performance objectives: minimum NOₓ emission, minimum CO emission, minimum fly-ash emission, and maximum exergy efficiency. Blending ratio had the most significant influence on NOₓ and fly-ash emissions, attributed to the higher nitrogen content and finer particle size of spent mushroom substrate. In contrast, the secondary air injection position was found to dominate CO emissions and exergy efficiency. CO emissions were particularly sensitive to the secondary air position, suggesting that sufficient mixing and residence space promote uniform mixing of syngas and air, enhance complete combustion, and thereby improve overall system performance.

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