在近幾年來已有許多研究中指出，在自然環境中像是地下水，河川，土壤以及底泥等都檢出不同種類的抗生素，因而引起了學者的關注，如果抗生素長期在環境當中，便會造成選擇性的壓力致使具有抗藥性的微生物甚至是超級細菌的產生，其潛在的問題不只造成人類健康的影響，更可能對整個生態系造成嚴重的危害。磺胺類抗生素與四環素類抗生素因其藥效廣及價格低廉，因此常用於獸藥及畜牧業作為預防及促進生長用途，但也因此常於環境中檢出。
本研究針對兩座畜牧廢水處理廠進行調查，定期檢測四環素類、磺胺類、林可醯胺類以及巨環黴素類共十種抗生素在各處理單元之出現頻率以及去除情形做探討；架設兩個實驗室規模之SBR反應槽以模擬實場之處理狀況，一個定期添加磺胺類抗生素使汙泥長期暴露於高濃度的抗生素下，而另一個未添加抗生素作為實驗對照組；除此之外，在傳統畜牧廢水好氧處理程序當中，抗生素會與許多物質接觸像是廢水以及汙泥，因此以批次試驗釐清各物質分別對抗生素的影響為何。以四種常用的磺胺類抗生素sulfadiazine (SDZ)、sulfathiazole (STZ)、sulfamerazine (SMR)與sulfamethoxazole (SMX)來了解傳統生物處理程序中，其吸附、吸收效應與生物降解能力；此外，三種四環素類抗生素tetracycline (TC)、oxytetracycline (OTC)、chlortetracycline (CTC)被選用以了解吸附特性並與磺胺類抗生素做比較。
在批次試驗中的結果顯示，畜牧廢水並不會對於四種磺胺類造成吸附或是分析上的影響，而四環素類抗生素則會被吸附於畜牧廢水，而在汙泥與抗生素吸附的測試當中，僅發現STZ的濃度有少許的下降，SDZ，SMR和SMX皆未發現與汙泥之間有吸附行為，而四環素類抗生素則會大量且快速的被汙泥吸附。在生物降解的測試結果顯示，長期暴露於磺胺類抗生素之汙泥，具有較強的生物降解抗生素的能力，SDZ，STZ和SMR的降解速率較為相似，而在SMX的實驗中則明顯發現有較慢的降解速率，而當四種磺胺類抗生素同時存在時，其降解速率則為STZ>SMR>SDZ>SMX，而在生物降解四環素類抗生素的結果顯示，實驗前期主要為快速的吸附，而在吸附平衡後則未發現明顯的降解，並且仍有殘餘抗生素說明了抗生素並未被汙泥所降解，除此之外，本研究也同時測試了缺氧及厭氧環境下，汙泥降解抗生素的狀況，其結果發現汙泥仍能降解磺胺類抗生素，但其降解所需時間普遍較好氧要長，降解狀況也較為不穩定。

The occurrence and fate of antibiotics in environment, including surface water, groundwater, and soils has drawn great attention of researchers all over the world in recent years. The persistence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment exerts a selective pressure on autochthonous bacterial communities, which eventually poses risks to the ecosystem and human health. The occurrences and the removal efficiencies of four groups of antibiotics in two livestock wastewater treatment plants, including tetracyclines, sulfonamides, lincosamides, and macrolides, were analyzed regularly for long-term monitoring. Two lab-scale aerobic SBR were built to simulate aerobic treatment condition. One was regularly fed with four sulfonamides and the other was used as control group without providing additional antibiotics. In addition, batch tests were used to clarify how the antibiotics interact with the matrix in the wastewater. In this study, the adsorption behavior and biodegradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfathiazole (STZ), sulfamerazine (SMR) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on activated sludge were investigated. Tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) were chosen to compare adsorption characteristic with sulfonamides. The results of batch tests showed that four sulfonamides were not interrupted by the wastewater on instrument analysis. However, tetracyclines were significantly adsorbed by livestock wastewater. In the test of sludge adsorption, little adsorption was observed for sulfonamides, but rapid and significant adsorption was observed for tetracyclines. In the tests of biodegradation, sulfonamides could be completely removed by the enriched sludge which was fed with sulfonamides for a long time, but it was found that tetracyclines were not degraded during tests. Overall, this study could help to clarify the fate and behavior of sulfonamide and tetracyclines in the activated sludge process and assess consequent environmental risks arising from sludge disposal as well.

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