本論文應用組織學習、國際化階段以及制度理論，檢驗地主國經驗和子公司績效的倒U型關係，並且，應用制度理論，將制度因素區分為四個層次 (國家層次、文化層次、產業層次和廠商間層次)，進一步驗證制度因素和地主國經驗的交互作用對子公司績效的影響。在地主國的制度環境部分，考慮廠商對地主國的知覺環境困難度和文化距離，在產業層次部分，焦點放在子公司所從事產業與母公司產業的相似性，廠商間 (interfirm) 層次，則考慮子公司是否與當地夥伴合作等，共有四個制度因素。
關於經驗和績效間的曲線關係，很少有研究同時考慮下列兩種交互作用：線性互動因子和線性經驗項，以及線性互動因子和平方經驗項等兩種效果，亦即，在高低兩個不同的經驗水準下，互動因子與經驗變數對子公司績效分別有正向和負向的交互作用。有別於先前研究多數聚焦於線性互動變數和線性經驗項的交互作用，本論文考慮學習的適應過程和經驗慣性，提出一個整合性架構，描述地主國經驗和子公司績效的倒U型的曲線關係，會受到地主國制度因素的影響，且該制度性因素對地主國經驗的交互作用，會隨著地主國經驗的不同水準，而產生方向不同的變化。
本論文的兩個實證樣本分別是從事對外投資的中小型製造業廠商和大型製造業廠商，樣本資料來自經濟部統計處發布的九十三年至九十五年的「製造業對外投資實況調查報告」。研究結果顯示: (1) 無論是中小型或大型製造業廠商，其子公司地主國經驗與績效皆呈現倒U型關係；(2) 在較低水準的地主國經驗下，環境困難度對地主國經驗並無顯著的交互作用，但是，隨著地主國經驗的累積，環境困難度可顯著減輕地主國經驗對子公司績效的報酬遞減效果；(3) 本論文對於文化距離與地主國經驗的交互作用提供部分支持的結果：文化距離可緩和地主國經驗與子公司績效間的倒U型關係，在有限的地主國經驗下，文化距離會抵減地主國經驗對子公司績效的正面效應，隨著地主國經驗的增加，文化距離顯著延緩經驗慣性的產生，使子公司績效維持在較高的水準；(4) 對中小型製造業廠商而言，子公司從事與母公司相似的產業，其經驗慣性的效果，會比投資在不同產業的子公司來得顯著；至於大型製造業廠商，產業相似性對子公司的地主國經驗則無顯著的影響效果；(5) 關於與當地夥伴合作的效果，實證結果對本論文提出的論點提供部分的支持，在較低水準的地主國經驗下，因為對地主國以及夥伴並不熟悉，增加協調成本和風險，使得與當地夥伴合作和地主國經驗對子公司績效產生不利的交互作用，隨著地主國經驗的累積，對地主國以及夥伴的認識增加，當地合作夥伴帶來的知識與資源，對子公司績效產生顯著的貢獻。
本論文藉由制度因子和地主國經驗交互作用的檢驗結果，提供理論發展和管理實務的涵意以及未來研究方向。

Drawing from organizational learning, internationalization process theories and institutional theories, this study investigated an inverted U-shaped relationship between host country experience and subsidiary performance, and further explored the contingent relationship of host country experience and subsidiary performance under institutional factors, including environmental difficulties (country-level), cultural distance (culture-level), industry similarity (industry-level), and collaboration with local partners (interfirm-level).
Few studies on the curvilinear relationship between experience and subsidiary performance considered the interaction effect, especially two interaction components, the linear by linear component plus curvilinear by linear component. This study went beyond the singular focus on the linear moderating effect on the experience-performance relationship, proposed a conceptual framework that explains the curvilinear relationship between host country experience and subsidiary performance are contingent on institutional factors, and empirically examined the differential effects of interaction by considering the adaptive process and experiential inertia of learning.
This study conducted empirical analysis by using two sample sets, including subsidiaries of small- and medium-sized manufacturers and of large-sized manufacturers, both of which were adopted from The Report on Foreign Investment Strategies of the Manufacturers, implemented by Department of Statistics, Ministry of Economic Affairs in Taiwan. The results showed that host country experience presents an inverted U-shaped effect on subsidiary profitability of SMEs and large sized firms. This study further investigated the interaction effects between institutional factors and host country experience on subsidiary performance. Although this study found no significant interaction effect between environmental difficulties and host country experience at lower levels of host country experience; however, environmental difficulties decrease the downward curvilinearity of host country experience to profitability. Furthermore, an inverted U-shaped relationship of host country experience to subsidiary performance could be weakened by cultural distance. This result also showed that industry similarity acts as a significant (higher order) interaction effect on the relationship between host country experience and subsidiary performance of small and medium enterprises while large firms appear to be insensitive to the interaction effect of industry similarity. Finally, this result gave partial support that collaboration with local partners negatively impact the positive effect of host country experience on subsidiary performance initially; however, host country experience benefits the collaboration with local partners on subsidiary performance as host country experience increases.
The findings of the interaction between institutional factors and host country experience provided several implications for theory development and managerial practice, and future research directions.

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