隨著時代的進步，夜間戶外照明成為展現城市特色的手法，然而使用過量的燈具或不當的照明設計，不僅不能提升夜間戶外的照明品質與美感，反而會帶來諸多負面的影響。光侵擾（light trespass）是光害（light pollution）形式的一種，是指夜間過多不必要的光線經由窗面進入住宅後對人們產的干擾影響，不僅可能干擾人們作息的睡眠，也會擾亂人們的生理時鐘，甚至提高罹癌的風險。

本研究為瞭解與改善台灣目前夜間戶外照明之現況、評估光侵擾相關議題，先行針對都市住宅區之鄰里公園作為研究對象，選定台南市16個調查樣本解析項目。調查結果顯示鄰里公園周邊住宅受到來自公園燈具的光線影響，有立面照度過高之情形，進一步對「鄰里公園基地配置類型」與「基地側是否緊鄰住宅」解析，得出以公園緊鄰住宅所造成的光侵擾最為嚴重，而在深夜時段，幾乎所有樣本均超出2 lx之限制值。在鄰里公園產生光侵擾程度之預測上，本研究提出2組預測式，R為0.942與0.892，可做為日後的推估應用。

本研究並以住宅區之道路路燈為光侵擾研究對象，以台南市10條8m道路為調查樣本，實際測量路燈附近住宅之窗面照度。結果顯示每設置一盞路燈，路燈對側與背側的4戶住宅就會受到光侵擾影響，光侵擾集中在1～2樓的部分，窗面照度幾乎均高於CIE建議值2 lx，其中又以對側及地面層的窗面照度最高。

此外，本研究並以照明軟體DIALux模擬印證調查結果，並透過照明模擬提出道路照明改善之建議：控制燈具與住宅的距離、有效控制燈具配光方向或是加設燈具的遮光設施，均能降低住宅窗面照度。本研究整體結果可做為住宅區戶外照明改善之基礎，期能同時提升照明品質並降低光害問題。

As time goes by, outdoor lighting has become an important role as not only the demand for optic and psychology but also a method of enhancing the city characteristic at night. However, inappropriate lighting may cause many aspects of influences. What we call such effects is light pollution. It could cause uncomfortable feeling, disturb night ecosystem, consume more energy and increase the environment load. What affect our daily life most is“light trespass.”

In order to comprehend and improve current outdoor lighting condition in residential district s in Taiwan, this research has surveyed 16 residential neighborhood parks in Tainan City to assess the situations and influences among lighting trespass, site plan and location of the parks, and surrounding dwellings. The results show that the state of light trespass is really serious, especially those dwellings which are beside the parks. After curfew, almost all vertical illuminance of all the dwellings is over the CIE limited value by 2 lx. Furthermore, 2 regression models of which R values were 0.942 and 0.892 are raised to predict the values of light tresspass.

To comprehend and improve current outdoor lighting condition in Taiwan, it also evaluated light trespass issue of road lighting in residential areas. Ten 8m raods were surveyed in Tainan City and the vertical illuminance of dwelling’s windows was assessed on light trespass condition. The results show that each road lamp would cause light trespass which is higher than 2 lx and affect about 4 dwellings opposite and behind it. The ground floor opposite the road lamp was affected most.

Lighting simulation software DIALux was also used to confirm the searching results and to provide improvement suggestion. Besides adding the distance between lamp and dwelling, controlling luminous intensity distribution curve appropriately and adding cut-off device will also help to decrease the illumination of windows. This research could be the foundation for improving outdoor lighting and for preventing light pollution.

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