本研究以電紡絲法利用不同聚丙烯腈(polyacrylonitrile, PAN)前驅物濃度，製備不同直徑奈米碳纖維，再以水熱法以及經過300 oC熱處理後，使碳纖維表面成長NiCo2O4。隨著碳纖維直徑的增加，NiCo2O4由針狀轉變成為聚集片狀結構。針狀結構之碳纖維/NiCo2O4複合膜具有較大比表面積和中孔孔洞體積，使電極材料與電解液能有更大接觸面積，以及有利於鋰離子之儲存和傳遞。碳纖維網狀導電結構提供電子之快速傳遞通道以及能緩解充放電過程中NiCo2O4之體積膨脹。此外，LiF產生於複合膜表面不利於電解液以及複合膜電極之電荷轉移反應，發現針狀結構之CNF/ NiCo2O4產生LiF的量遠小於聚集片狀結構之CNF/NiCo2O4，代表針狀結構之CNF/ NiCo2O4複合膜能有效減少電解液之分解，提升電化學表現。因此，針狀結構之碳纖維/NiCo2O4複合膜具有應用於鋰離子電池負極之優勢。
本研究亦製備PAN/poly(methyl methacrylate)電紡絲薄膜，再浸泡於有機電解液中，得到膠態高分子電解質薄膜。我們探討碳纖維表面官能基對於其在膠態高分子電解質系統中之電化學表現。碳纖維表面之C-O鍵結、氧電漿改質碳纖維(CNF-O)表面之氧官能基團、氮電漿改質碳纖維(CNF-N)表面之C-O及C-N鍵結，皆有利於增加與極性EC+DEC電解液之親和性。CNF-N之吡啶氮及石墨氮比例較高，使其具有較佳的導電度，當其應用於膠態高分子電解質系統中，電化學阻抗相較於純碳纖維及氧電漿改質碳纖維還要小。CNF-O則因氮原子比例少，造成導電度降低，形成電化學阻抗大之現象，不利於電化學之表現。此外，由F1s XPS分峰圖譜中觀察到CNF-O所含LiF比例最高，此不利於電化學表現。

Carbon nanofibers with various diameters were prepared using electrospinning in the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution with different concentrations. As-prepared PAN nanofibers were subjected to thermal treatment to convert to carbon nanofibers (CNF). Subsequently, NiCo2O4 was grown on the fiber surface through a hydrothermal method and post thermal treatment at 300 oC. When the fiber diameter increased, CNF/NiCo2O4 composites transformed from a needle-like structure to irregular aggregated nanosheets. The needle-like CNF/NiCo2O4 composite exhibited the high specific surface area and rich mesopores, facilitated ion transport across the electrolyte/electrode interfaces and lithium ion storage. Additionally, interconnected carbon fibers offered the conductive path for electron transfer and alleviated the volume change in CNF/NiCo2O4 composites during charging and discharging.
We prepared a gel polymer electrolyte composed of an electrospun polymer PAN/poly(methyl methacrylate) membrane, swollen with the liquid electrolyte. We investigated the effects of the functional groups of electrospun carbon nanofibers on the electrochemical performance of the battery system with the gel polymer electrolyte. Furthermore, CNF-N possessed the higher amount of pyridinic nitrogen and graphitic nitrogen, resulting in their high electrical conductivity. Consequently, CNF-N exhibited lower resistance than CNF and CNF-O. CNF-O exhibited higher resistance, which was attributed to the less amount of nitrogen, causing their low electrical conductivity. Moreover, according to the result of F1s XPS, CNF-O had the higher amount of LiF. These behaviors resulted in their poor electrochemical performance.

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