一、研究動機與目的：
溫室效應及氣候異變下，台灣環境負荷逐年增高，都市光化學反應造成臭氧(O3) 自87年年平均濃度22ppb攀升至95年年平均濃度29ppb，室外臭氧濃度值已經接近環保署室內空氣品質建議值(30ppb)；相關研究指出，在標準條件(25℃, RH=50%)下，臭氧(100ppb)與建材VOCs (α-pinene 310ppb)，會產生「二次污染物─甲醛」危害人體健康，造成室內人員暴露高風險環境中。在追求健康建築環境下，以提高新鮮外氣引入量與使用低逸散健康綠建材來降低室內化學性污染，得以降低SBS症狀與提高工作效率，但台灣居住環境大量裝修與事務清淨設備使用頻繁(影印機O3 5.2mg/hr)，若提高外氣引入量是否造成室內人員增高暴露二次污染之機會，值得研究探討。
二、研究方法：
主要依據ASTM D5116-97(小型環控箱測試法)、ASTM D6670-01(全尺寸環控箱測試法)及ISO16000(VOCs與甲醛採樣分析方法)進行建材測試。
三、研究課題：
探討課題共分為三部分：
(一) 瞭解氣候異變下，通風換氣量與室內臭氧濃度之關係。
(二) 探討臭氧與建材二次污染物關鍵因子相關性。
(三) 提出有效通風換氣量對臭氧及建材二次污染物之移除控制。
四、研究成果：
(一) 標準環境條件(T=25℃、RH=50%)與固定臭氧濃度下，高換氣率對室內臭氧濃度有較佳之移除效果。
(二) 臭氧與建材二次污染物關鍵因子相關性
【關鍵因子】：(I) 通風換氣影響因子、(II) 建材影響因子、(III) 臭氧因子：
1.不同臭氧濃度(50、100、200 ppb)、2.不同反應時間(1.0、1.5、3.0 hr)
I、【關鍵因子I】通風換氣影響因子：
1.無通風換氣量下，釋放臭氧期間(10-12hr)，Limonene與臭氧反應且濃度降低約23μg/m3。
2.無通風換氣量下，釋放臭氧後至測試結束(10-24hr)，首要污染物與二次污染物有明顯蓄積現象。
3.無通風換氣量期間(12-24hr)，釋放臭氧達60ppb產生二次污染物─甲醛11.36µg與丙酮 48.31 µg。
II、【關鍵因子II】建材影響因子：
1.清漆塗料逸散之VOCs與臭氧反應顯著性極低。
2.釋放臭氧期間(10-12hr)：木質塗料A─甲醛上升濃度為木質塗料B之1.1倍。丙酮上升濃度為木質塗料B之5.35倍。結果顯示：木質塗料A之二次污染物─甲醛與丙酮反應較木質塗料B為顯著。
III、【關鍵因子III】臭氧因子：
在標準測試條件下，
1.揮發性有機化合物─Limonene：在不同臭氧濃度(50、100、200ppb)與不同反應時間(1.0、1.5、3.0hr)測試中與臭氧反應後，Limonene逸散濃度有下降趨勢。
2.甲醛(釋放臭氧期間10-12hr)
─在不同臭氧濃度(50、100、200ppb)測試中：臭氧濃度與甲醛濃度上升幅度進行迴歸分析後，具有高度相關性(R2=0.9911)。
─在不同臭氧反應時間(1.0、1.5、3.0hr)測試中：臭氧反應時間與甲醛濃度上升幅度進行迴歸分析後，具有高度相關性(R2=0.9251)。
(三)綜合以上分析結果：
無通風換氣量下，臭氧與建材反應後，首要污染物與二次污染物有蓄積現象，顯示通風換氣對污染物移除之重要性；高逸散清漆塗料與臭氧反應後，無明顯二次污染產生，但其首要污染危害較二次污染更為嚴重，因此健康綠建材標章以BTEX為主要管制VOCs為必要措施。
比較不同臭氧濃度與不同反應時間之二次污染物影響性─以標準條件下無臭氧實驗之甲醛總逸散量(12-24hr)為基準，比較二次污染物─甲醛於臭氧釋放後至測試結束(12-24hr)總逸散量比值：(ASTM D5116-06之Chamber Model質量平衡模型計算)
【臭氧反應時間-3.0hr (2.54倍)】影響性最高，其次【臭氧濃度-200ppb (1.28倍)】、
【臭氧濃度-100ppb與臭氧反應時間-1.5hr (1.15倍)】、【臭氧濃度-50ppb (1.09倍)】、
【臭氧反應時間-1.0hr (0.89倍)】
(四)通風換氣量對二次污染物之移除控制
1.調變通風換氣量27.75~99CHM(0.5~1.8ACH)對低逸散木質塗料之VOCs約有54~86%之移除效率。
2.調變通風換氣量27.75~99CHM(0.5~1.8ACH)對低逸散木質塗料之二次污染物─甲醛與丙酮約有57~84%之移除效率。
3.臭氧與低逸散木質塗料之揮發性有機物質(VOCs)與二次污染物─甲醛與丙酮最佳移除區間為0.5~1.0ACH。

1、Scope：
When Global Climate Change and Greenhouse, the Environment load of Taiwan increases year by year. It is because Photochemical reactions in the urban air, the atmosphere of ozone annual average concentration had been increased from 22 ppbv to 29ppbv(1998-2006). The related research pointed out : The ozone and VOCs(α-pinene) have the chemical reaction. The Secondary pollutant─Formaldehyde has been found after the reaction occurrence. Pursuing the Healthy indoor environment, we usually enhance the air exchange rate to reduce the indoor chemical pollution. In Taiwan, the indoor environment decorates massively and office equipment use is frequent. If enhances the air exchange rate to reduce the indoor chemical pollution whether to cause the indoor personnel to exposes more Secondary pollutants.
2、Method：
This study was following ASTM D5116-97(Smalll-Scale chamber test) and ISO16000 (VOCs and Formaldehyde sample / analysis method) with experiments。
3、Discussion：
The topic divides into three parts：
(A)The relations of the air exchange rate and ozone concentration
(B)The relations of the Key-factors between indoor ozone concentration and building materials.
(C)Proposed an effectively ventilation countermeasure to control the Secondary pollutants.
4、Result：
(A) When standard environmental condition (T=25℃、RH=50%)and fixed ozone concentration input, the more high air exchange rate cause indoor ozone concentration more low.
(B) The Key-factors divides into three parts：
1.Key-factor(I)-【Ventilation】:ACH=0,the Primary and Secondary pollutants obviously stores up in 12hr-24hr.The Secondary pollutants(12-24hr)- Formaldehyde develops 11.36µg and Acetone develops 48.31µg.
2.Key-factor(II)-【Materials】: The VOCs of Varnish is no obviously reaction with ozone.As ozone reactes with VOCs of the woody paint A,the Secondary pollutants- Formaldehyde and Acetone develops more than woody paint B.

3.Key-factor(III)-【Ozone】:Compared with the influence of different ozone concentration and different ozone reaction time, 3.0hr-ozone reaction time develops the most Secondary pollutants than others.The next is 200ppb-ozone concentration, 100ppb-ozone concentration, 1.5hr-ozone reaction time, 50ppb-ozone concentration and than 1.0hr-ozone reaction time.

(C) Proposed an effectively ventilation countermeasure to control the Secondary pollutants.
1.Changing the air exchange rate (0.5~1.8ACH)
(a)The removal efficiency of VOCs which emits by the woody paint is 54~86%.
(b)The removal efficiency of Formaldehyde and Acetone which emits by the woody paint is 57~84%.
2.The best scope of the VOCs and the Secondary pollutants is 0.5 ACH ~1.0ACH.

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