本研究利用基因重組酵母菌生物試驗法檢測臺灣6座污水處理廠中水相及懸浮固體相之類(抗)雌激素、類(抗)雄激素及類(抗)甲狀腺激素活性，並以液相層析串聯式質譜儀檢測水相及懸浮固體相中內分泌干擾物質。
生物試驗法結果顯示，在污水處理廠放流水水相樣本中可檢測出類雌激素活性 (<3.3~142.7 E2-EQ ng/L)、抗雌激素活性 (<0.6~13.7 OHT-EQ μg/L)、類雄激素活性 (<29.1~42.3 DHT-EQ ng/L)、抗雄激素活性 (<55.2~755.3 FLU-EQ μg/L)、類甲狀腺激素活性 (<65.1~292.4 T3-EQ ng/L)及抗甲狀腺激素活性(抑制百分比ND~56.9%)，而放流水懸浮固體相樣本亦可檢測出抗雌激素活性 (<0.6~7.9 OHT-EQ μg/L)、抗雄激素活性(<55.2~748.5 FLU-EQ μg/L)及抗甲狀腺激素活性(抑制百分比ND~56.9 %)。污水處理放流水中含具內分泌干擾活性之物質，排入環境水體可能造成影響。
液相層析串聯式質譜儀分析結果顯示，在污水處理廠放流水中檢測出雌酮 (ND~349.2 ng/L)、雌二醇 (ND~32.8 ng/L)、助孕激素 (ND~36.3 ng/L)、睪固酮 (ND~18.7 ng/L)、雙酚A (51.0~5406.3 ng/L, ND~40.2 μg/g)、壬基酚 (ND~355.6 ng/L, ND~5.4 μg/g)、三氯沙 (ND~275.8 ng/L, ND~15.9 μg/g)及三氯卡班 (ND~48.9 ng/L, ND~11.8 μg/g)。由生物試驗法及儀器分析而得之水相樣本類雌激素當量濃度(EEQBioassay及EEQLC-MS/MS)具有關聯性(R2=0.7598)，類雌激素活性主要貢獻來自於雌酮(15.1~244.1%)、雌二醇(17.5~201.1%)及雌三醇(1.0~34.6%)，其中EEQLC-MS/MS常較EEQBioassay為高，可能原因為樣品中含抗雌激素或類雌激素物質間具拮抗活性。
在內分泌干擾物質之衍生物調查中，雙酚A在經硝化後其衍生物具有不同之性質，雙酚A具類雌激素 (EC50= 33.9 μM)、抗雄激素 (IC25=8.2 μM)、及抗甲狀腺激素活性(IC25=78.5 μM)，而雙硝化雙酚A則具抗雌激素 (IC25=2.2 μM)、抗雄激素 (IC25=4.3 μM)、及抗甲狀腺激素活性 (IC25=0.66 μM)。氯化雙酚A皆具有較雙酚A強之類雌激素活性，其中以3,3'-二氯雙酚A (EC50=0.58 μM)及3,3',5-三氯雙酚A (EC50=0.60 μM)類雌激素活性最高。氯化雙酚A亦具抗雄激素活性，且較雙酚A強，其中以3,3',5-三氯雙酚A (IC50=0.78 μM)抗雄激素活性最高。雙酚A原不具類甲狀腺激素活性，但氯化後之3,3'-二氯雙酚A、3,3',5-三氯雙酚A及3,3',5,5'-四氯雙酚A具有類甲狀腺激素活性，其中以3,3',5,5'-四氯雙酚A活性最強。放流水中皆可檢出雙酚A，而衍生物以3-單氯雙酚A (93.75%，ND~298.3 ng/L) 檢出頻率最高，其次依序為雙硝雙酚A (43.75%，ND~586.0 ng/L)、3,3',5-三氯雙酚A (12.5%，ND~21.1 ng/L)、3,3'-二氯雙酚A (6.25%，59.4 ng/L)。氯化雙酚A具有生物累積性，部分文獻指出於母乳、尿液中皆有檢出，由此可知其對生物影響嚴重，因此污水處理廠放流及環境中內分泌干擾物質之衍生物是值得注意的。

There are various kinds of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), including compounds showing estrogen receptor (ER) disrupting activities, androgen receptor (AR) disrupting activities, and thyroid hormonal receptor (TR) disrupting activities, etc. In this study, wastewater samples were collected and analyzed using bioassays and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to know occurrence of EDCs in WWTPs. Derivatives of EDCs generated in WWTPs were also investigated. The results showed that estrogenic, anti-estrogenic, androgenic, anti-androgenic and thyroid hormone disrupting activities were detected in water samples from WWTPs. Anti-estrogenic, anti-androgenic and thyroid hormone disrupting activities were also detected in suspended solids from WWTPs. Natural estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol), progesterone, testosterone, bisphenol A, nonylphenol, triclosan and triclocarban were detected in samples from WWTPs at low ng/L to μg/L levels. Chlorinated bisphenol A that showed stronger estrogenic, anti-androgenic, and thyroid hormone disruptong activities than bisphenol A were also detected in WWTP effluents. More attention should be paid to the formation of EDC derivatives in WWTPs.

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