在一般傳統倉庫揀貨效率研究中，通常只考慮平面倉儲，對於多層料架倉儲的研究較少，且著重於自動倉儲系統（Automated storage / retrieval system；AS/RS）。但因AS/RS系統設備投資金額龐大，許多公司仍以多層料架傳統倉儲為主，不僅投資金額小，且可有效節省空間。本研究以面板次級品倉庫為例，考量垂直與水平移動時間差異造成最小化行走距離並不代表最小揀貨時間的特性，探討不同儲位指派與不同揀貨路徑策略之揀貨效率及其優劣。研究目的為在多層料架傳統倉儲中，依不同的揀貨需求來模擬分析出較為適當之儲位指派與揀貨路徑策略，並提供管理者作為提升倉庫揀貨績效之參考。

　　本研究根據文獻探討及實務上的了解，訂定出影響面板次級品倉庫揀貨績效之因子：三種儲存策略(隨機指派，ABC分類水平存放及ABC分類垂直存放)、三種路徑策略（穿越式，迴轉式，組合式）、三種揀貨密度（5%，15%，30%）。首先，利用歷史出貨訂單資料來作訂單-品項-數量（EIQ）分析，將產品區分為A、B、C三類，作為儲位指派之依據。再將各因子及階層列出，作交叉組合後，使用AutoMod模擬軟體求出各組合之揀貨績效，並探討其揀貨時間與揀貨距離之間的關係。

　　In the research of traditional warehouse picking efficiency, most studies consider single-level rack warehouses, or focus on AS/RS (Automated storage/ retrieval system) systems. Few consider traditional multi-level rack warehouses. However, most companies use traditional multi-level rack warehouses rather than AS/RS systems due to economic reasons. Further, traditional multi-level rack warehouses create more space for storing goods than single-level rack warehouses with a reasonable investment.

　　Taking a downgrade panel storage warehouse as an example, this thesis has considered the difference of moving distance between vertical and horizontal storage. That is, minimum moving distance does not means minimum picking time. This thesis explores the picking efficiency under different combinations of storage assignment and picking route strategies, and compare their performances by using a simulation software.

中文文獻
沈武賢，1999，物流中心儲區通道佈置之規劃，國立雲林科技大學工業工
程與管理研究所碩士論文。
林宜萱，2002，高效能倉儲物流管理，美商麥格羅、希爾國際股份有限公司。
邵士誠，2002，從需求面探討供應鏈存貨資訊整合效益，國立高雄第一科技
大學運輸與倉儲營運系碩士論文。
吳恆睿，1999，中醫院揀藥儲位規劃之研究，逢甲大學工業工程學系碩士
論文。
翁振凱，2002，物流中心之揀貨最佳化，國立中央大學工業管理研究所碩士
論文。
張啟鑌，2000，物流中心訂單揀取與分類批次分割方法之研究，國立交通
大學交通運輸研究所碩士論文。
蔡麗蕙，2002，最佳揀貨績效之倉儲系統設計，中華大學科技管理研究所
碩士論文。
蕭文綺，2003，不同訂單型態下，揀貨環境配置對揀貨效率之影響，國立
高雄第一科技大學運輸與倉儲營運系碩士論文。
羅國書，2001，電子零售商的最佳化貨品揀取，國立中央大學工業管理研
究所碩士論文。
蘇騰昇，2002，物流中心之最佳化揀貨策略，國立中央大學工業管理研究
所碩士論文。

英文文獻
Arons, H. S. and C. A. Boer, “ Storage and retrieval of discrete-event simulation models, ” Simulation Practice and Theory, 8(2001)555-576.
Ashayeri, J., R. M. Heuts, M. W. T. Valkenburg, H. C. Veraart and M. R. Wilhelm, ” A geometrical approach to computing expected cycle times for zonebased storage layouts in AS/RS, ” International Journal of Production Research, 40(2002)4467-4483.
Banks, J., J. S. Carson, B. L. Nelson and D. M. Nicol, Discrete Event System Simulation, 3rd ed. (2000), Reprinted by permission of Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
Brynzer, H. and M. I. Johansson, ” Design and performance of kitting and order picking systems, ” International Journal of Production Economics, 41(1995)115-125.
Brynzer, H. and M. I. Johansson, ” Storage location assignment : use the product structure to reduce order picking times, ” International Journal of Production Economics, 46-47(1996)595-603.
Caron, F., G. Marchet and A. Perego, ” Routing policies and COI-based storage policies in picker-to-part system, ” International Journal of Production Research, 36(1998)713-732.
Chen, M. C., C. L. Huang, K. Y. Chen and H. P. Wu, ” Aggregation of orders in distribution centers using data mining, ” Expert Systems with Applications, 28(2005)453-460.
Chew, E. P. and L. C. Tang, ” Travel time analysis for general item location assignment in a rectangular warehouse, ” European Journal of Operational Research, 112(1999)582-597.
Daniels, R. L., J. L. Rummel and R. Schantz, ” A model for warehouse order picking, ” European Journal of Operational Research, 105(1998)1-17.
Eldemir, F., R. J. Graves and C. J. Malmborg, “ New cycle time and space estimation models for automated storage and retrieval system conceptualization,” International Journal of Production Research, 42(2004)4767-4783.
Guvenir, H. A. and E. Erel, ” Multicriteria inventory classification using a genetic algorithm, ” European Journal of Operational Research, 105(1998)29-37.
Heragu, S. S., L. Du, R. J. Mantel and P. C. Schuur, ” Mathematical model for
warehouse design and product allocation, ” International Journal of Production
Economics, 43(2005)327-338.
Hsieh, S. and K. C. Tsai, ” A BOM Oriented Class-Based Storage Assignment in an Automated Storage/Retrieval System, ” Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 17(2001)683-691.
Hsu, C. M., K. Y. Chen and M. C. Chen, ” Batching orders in warehouses by minimizing travel distance with genetic algorithms, ” Computers in Industry, 56(2005)169-178.
Jane, C. C. and Y. W. Laih, ” A clustering algorithm for item assignment in a synchronized zone order picking system, ” European Journal of Operational Research, 166(2005)489-496.
Jewkes, E., C. Lee and R. Vickson, ” Product location, allocation and server home base location for an order picking line with multiple servers, ” Computers & Operations Research, 31(2004)623-636.
Lee, S. G., R. Souza and E. K. Ong, “ Simulation modeling of a narrow aisle automated storage and retrieval system（AS/RS）serviced by rail-guided vehicles,” Computers in Industry, 30(1996)241-253.
Lin, C. H. and I. Y. Lu, ” The procedure of determining the order picking strategies in distribution center, ” International Journal of Production Economics, 60-61(1999)301-307.
Liu, C. M., ” Clustering techniques for stock location and order-picking in a distribution center, ” Computers & Operations Research, 26(1999)989-1002.
Mansuri, M., ” Cycle-time computation and dedicated storage assignment for AS/R systems, ” Computers & Industrial Engineering, 33(1997)307-310.
Meinert, T. S., G. D. Taylor and J. R. English, “ A modular simulation approach for automated material handling systems,” Simulation Practice and Theory, 7(1999)15-30.
Montulet , P., A. Langevin and D. Riopel, ” Minimizing the peak load: an alternate objective for dedicated storage policies, ” International Journal of Production Research, 36(1998)1369-1385.
Moorthy, R. L., W. H. Guan, N. W. Cheong and T. C. Piaw, “ Cyclic deadlock prediction and avoidance for zone-controlled AGV system,” International Journal of Production Economics, 83(2003)309-324.
Pan, C. H. and S. Y. Liu, ” A comparative study of order batching algorithms, ”
Omega, 23(1995)691-700.
Park, B. C., R. D. Foley and E. H. Frazelle, ” Performance of miniload systems with two-class storage, ” European Journal of Operational Research, 112(2004)689-701.
Partovi, F. Y. and M. Anandarajan, ” Classifying inventory using an artificial neural network approach, ” Computers & Industrial Engineering, 41(2002)389-404.
Petersen, C. G. and G. Aase, ” A comparison of picking, storage, and routing policies in manual order picking, ” International Journal of Production Economics, 92(2004)11-19.
Potrc, I., T. Lerher, J. Kramberger and M. Sraml, “ Simulation model of multi-shuttle automated storage and retrieval systems,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 157-158(2004)236-244.
Roodbergen, K. J. and R. D. Koster, ” Routing order pickers in a warehouse with a middle aisle, ” European Journal of Operational Research, 133(2001)32-43.
Rouwenhorst, B., B. Reuter, V. Stockrahm, G. J. V. Houtum, R. J. Mental and W. H. M. Zijm, ” Warehouse design and control: framework and literature review, ” European Journal of Operational Research, 122(2000)515-533.
Tang, L. C. and E. P. Chew, ” Order picking systems : Batching and Storage Assignment Strategies, ” Computers & Industrial Engineering, 33(1997)817-820.
Vickson, R.G.. and X. Lu, ” Optimal product and server locations in one-dimensional storage racks, ” European Journal of Operational Research, 105(1998)18-28.
Witten, I. H. and E. Frank, Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques with Java Implementations, (2000), Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco.
Zhang, G.. Q., J. Xue and K. K. Lai, ” A class of genetic algorithms for multiple-level warehouse layout problem, ” International Journal of Production Research, 40(2002)731-744.