近年來隨著經濟的成長及科技的進步，化石燃料的使用大量增加，加劇了大氣中二氧化碳濃度、溫室效應及全球氣候變遷的速度。為了有效解決這些問題，各界開始發展各種二氧化碳捕獲與封存技術(CCS)以降低二氧化碳的排放量。其中純氧燃燒被視為具有發展潛力的系統，此系統有濃縮二氧化碳的技術，而高濃度之二氧化碳具有可以提高捕獲效率、降低成本以及設備易改建等優勢。本研究室以高溫固體吸收劑流體化床系統進行二氧化碳的去除。以轉爐石作為吸收劑，不僅能降低吸收劑成本也能增加轉爐石之再利用性。因此本研究模擬純氧燃燒之煙道器條件，探討在流體化床系統中高溫下吸收劑的利用及二氧化碳的去除效率。
本研究操作參數及研究成果分為以下部分說明：
1. 各種溫度下的最小流體化速度實驗結果與經驗模式皆有相同的趨勢存在，隨著溫度上升，其最小流體化速度都隨之減小。本實驗最小流體化速度值高於經驗公式估計值，是因為經驗公式是以室溫為基礎演算，而實驗則是在高溫下進行。
2. 根據ICP及XRD定性及定量結果顯示，未鍛燒的轉爐石主要是以氫氧化鈣及少量氧化鈣的形式存在，鍛燒後氧化鈣含量明顯上升，主要是因為氫氧化鈣經高溫鍛燒後轉化為氧化鈣。
3. 從TGA結果可知，150-300 μm轉爐石的利用率是17.6％; 75-106 μm轉爐石為9.5％。經800℃鍛燒後150-300 μm轉爐石的利用率為24.8％; 75-106 μm轉爐石為24.5％。
4. 在流體化床系統中，本研究以各種操作參數進行二氧化碳捕獲的實驗。結果顯示，在大粒徑轉爐石的實驗中二氧化碳濃度的變化對於二氧化碳的吸收有顯著的影響，由於二氧化碳濃度越高具有更好的擴散能力；經鍛燒後，水氣濃度的影響增加，是因為較高濃度的水氣可能在高溫下可以活化氧化鈣成為氫氧化鈣。在小粒徑的實驗中發現，提高水氣濃度則會降低轉爐石的利用率，原因為水氣會增加顆粒間的凝聚力，進而形成層流的情況使二氧化碳擴散能力降低。在流體化床系統中，由大粒徑轉爐石之利用率表現較佳。
5. 在不同二氧化硫濃度下的實驗中可以發現，二氧化硫的存在亦會降低轉爐石於流體化床中之利用率。提高二氧化硫之濃度，發現轉爐石利用率有明顯下降從71.6%下降到20.5%，推測為二氧化硫毒化了轉爐石，使其無法提供更多活性位置進行碳酸化反應。
6. XRD，SEM，EDS，Mapping及FTIR分析結果顯示碳酸化前和碳酸化後轉爐石之各項特性分析。也證實了轉爐石在流體化床中吸收二氧化碳最終產物是碳酸鈣。
7. 由反應動力研究發現，第一型衰退模式較適合用來描述轉爐石於流體化床中碳酸化之結果，其回歸分析顯示在不同條件下之實驗貫穿曲線與模擬結果相符合。

In recent years, the increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is resulted from the use of huge amounts of fossil fuels with the progress of the growth of economy and technology. That has also exacerbated the greenhouse effect and global climate change. Carbon capture and sequestration technologies are therefore under developed to effectively solve these issues. The oxy-fuel combustion is considered as a sustainable and potential system which can concentrate CO2, increase the capture efficiency, reduce the processing cost and easy alterations. This study used the Basic Oxygen Furnaces (BOF) slag to be the sorbent to remove CO2 with a laboratory fluidized bed reactor. Utilizing BOF slag as sorbent not only reduces the cost of the traditional sorbent but also increases the recyclability of the waste. Therefore, this study simulated the condition of the oxy-fuel combustion to removal CO2 with BOF slag in a fluidized bed reactor at high temperature.
Results of this study are described as follows：
1. The minimum fluidized velocity at various temperatures have the same trend for empirical model prediction and experimental results. The minimum fluidized velocity values calculated from the empirical equations are slightly different from the values determined in this study, due to the different basic temperature.
2. According to the results by using ICP and XRD analysis, the calcium hydroxide contents of the BOF slags of 150-300 μm and 75-106 μm are 34.5% and 36%, respectively; the calcium oxide contents of the slags are 10.6% and 2%, respectively; the calcium carbonate contents are 6.5% and 7.3%, respectively.
3. From TGA analysis, the utilizations of the BOF slags of 150-300 μm and 75-106 μm are 17.6% and 9.5%, respectively. The utilizations of the calcined BOF slags of 150-300 μm and 75-106 μm are 24.8% and 24.5%, respectively.
4. After the experiment of BOF slag utilization for CO2 capture in a fluidized bed reactor at various operating conditions, it can be found that the concentration of CO2 has significant impact for the sorbent utilization due to the diffusion capacity. The water vapor may activate CaO to become Ca(OH)2 for the better utilization by the larger calcined BOF slag. However, 10% water vapor may cause an increasing cohesion between particles to form a laminar flow for the smaller calcined BOF slag. Therefore, its sorbent utilization declines. Besides, the larger size of BOF slags, the higher of the utilization.
5. The impact of sulfur-containing flue gas shows that the overall utilization of BOF slag decreases from 71.6% to 20.5%. The results are speculated that SO2 will poison the BOF slag and occupy active sites.
6. The results of XRD, SEM, EDS, Mapping and FTIR analyses present the element composition, structure change and bonding for BOF slags before and after carbonation. It confirms that the final carbonated product is calcium carbonate.
7. The type I deactivation model is in good agreement with the experimental data of carbonation of BOF slag at various operating conditions.

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