產前遺傳檢測在現今婦女的產前照顧中扮演一個相當重要的角色，近年來接受遺傳檢測的移民婦女已逐漸增加。為了給這些外籍婦女更完善的產前照護，提升醫護人員具文化敏感度與適切性的健康照顧是必備的。本研究主要以健康信念模式為理論基礎，比較影響越南籍與本國籍婦女羊膜穿刺檢測之因素。研究方法採回溯性之研究設計，以立意取樣方式取得越南籍與台灣籍婦女各80名，再以自擬之中文版與越語版的「比較影響越南籍與台灣籍婦女羊膜穿刺檢測之因素」問卷，進行一對一面對面訪談方式收集資料。研究結果發現：(1)台灣籍婦女之自覺懷有遺傳疾病患孩可能性與嚴重性顯著高於越南籍婦女，越南籍婦女之自覺接受羊膜穿刺檢測利益顯著高於台灣籍婦女(2)台灣籍婦女與越南籍婦女之羊膜穿刺檢測行為均與自覺懷有遺傳疾病患孩可能性呈正相關。而越南籍婦女之羊膜穿刺檢測行為亦與自覺接受羊膜穿刺檢測的障礙達顯著負相關。(3)越南籍個案中自覺懷有遺傳疾病患孩之可能性與自覺接受羊膜穿刺檢測之障礙為羊膜穿刺檢測行為之主要預測因子。而台灣籍婦女中自覺接受羊膜穿刺檢測之障礙為羊膜穿刺檢測行為之主要預測因子。本研究結果可提供社區健康照護或臨床專業人員擬定外籍婦女產前教育計畫之參考。

The purpose of conducting prenatal genetic tests is to enhance the maternal-neonatal health. In recent decade, more women originated from the Southeastern countries had married the Taiwanese males and then became pregnant in a short period of time. Therefore, promotion of the prenatal genetic wellbeing and provision of the cultural sensitivity genetic health care to these immigrant women are urgent to the nursing professionals. The purpose of this study was to compare factors affecting the decisions of receiving the amniocentesis in Taiwanese and Vietnamese women. The Health Belief Model (HBM) was modified and used as the conceptual framework and a retrospective design was adopted to examine the research hypotheses. Through the purposive sampling, eighty Taiwanese women and 80 Vietnamese women were invited to participate of the study. A questionnaire developed by the researcher was applied to collect the data. Results of the study were: (1) Taiwanese women had higher perceived susceptibility and severity of HBM scores than Vietnamese women did. Vietnamese women had higher perceived barriers HBM scores than Taiwanese women did. (2) Actions of receiving amniocentesis were significantly correlated to women’s perceptions of susceptibility of having abnormal fetus in both Taiwanese and Vietnamese women. Negative correlations were found between the actions of receiving amniocentesis and perceived barriers in Vietnamese Women. (3)Perceived susceptibility and barriers were two major predictors of the Vietnamese women’s actions of receiving amniocentesis. However, the major predictor of the Taiwanese women’s actions of undergoing amniocentesis was the perceived barriers. Finally, results of the study might be considered as the reference to health practitioners to design the cultural sensitivity prenatal genetic care.

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