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研究生：	黃政源 Huang, Jeng-Yuan
論文名稱：	列車主要頻率驗證及煞車分析模型建立 Study of Dominant Frequencies of Train-Induced Vibration and Analysis Method for Train Braking Effect
指導教授：	朱聖浩 Ju, Shen-Haw
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2007
畢業學年度：	95
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	122
中文關鍵詞：	地表振動、列車荷載、煞車、加速度、彈性支承樑、懸臂樑、集中質量、現地實驗、主要頻率
外文關鍵詞：	Elastically supported beam, Braking and acceleration, Trainload, Ground vibration, Dominant frequency, Field measurement, Lumped mass, Cantilever beam
相關次數：	點閱：127 下載：5
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本篇研究著重於移動列車行進中所造成地表振動的動態反應，並針對列車荷載主要頻率在現地實驗上的結果探討與理論模型的驗證。分析的列車系統包含台北大眾運輸系統、高速鐵路及台灣鐵路系統，而現地實驗的地點包括橋樑、路堤及隧道。實驗與理論模型結果指出列車所造成的地表振動之頻率在列車荷載主要頻率(nV/L)上會很顯著並與雷利波速的大小無關，另外列車本身的自然頻率和引擎的頻率對地表振動頻率的影響都是不大。因此當移動的列車在橋樑或地表上行進時，橋樑與地表的振動頻率相當接近列車荷載主要頻率時就會有極大值產生。
另一方面，本篇研究也建立有橋墩之橋樑的理論模型來進行橋樑振動的動力分析，在此進行模擬時橋樑會受到列車的加速度的改變(煞車或加速)而產生振動。此橋樑系統使用彈性支承樑來模擬主樑，以集中質量的懸臂樑來模擬橋墩進行車輛的動態運動效應分析。此理論模型與有限元素模型先進行驗證，再針對理論模型進行參數研究。驗證結果發現此車橋系統很準確模擬出橋樑的動態反應，因此從參數研究知道橋樑系統中的橋墩高、橋樑長、車輛加速度對車橋系統變位有所影響，而軌道不平順在參數合理的範圍內對變位影響不大。

This study is focus on the dynamic responses of ground vibrations induced by the moving trains including the mass rapid transit system, high-speed train railway, and general railway on bridges, embankments, and in tunnels using field experiments and theoretical solutions. The results indicate that trains induced ground vibrations at the trainload dominant frequencies are significantly large for both subsonic and supersonic train speeds, and the vibrations from carriage natural frequencies and engine frequencies are minor. For train moving on bridges or ground, the frequencies of ground vibrations are significantly large when the frequencies close to the trainload dominant frequencies.
This study also develops a theoretical model to analyze the dynamic response of the train-bridge system with high piers due to train braking and acceleration. The bridge structure is modeled as a cantilever beam with a lumped mass for high piers and an elastically supported beam for the bridge girder. The vehicle system contains the horizontal spring-damper, so the braking and acceleration can be induced. The comparison between the current method and the finite element method indicates that this theoretical solution is considerably accurate. Then, this solution was used to perform the parametric studies including the change of (1) pier height, (2) beam length, (3) acceleration of the train braking, and (4) rail irregularity.

Chapter 1  Introduction	1
1.  	Background and Propose	1
2.  	Literature Review of Dominant Frequencies	2
3.  	Literature Review of Non-Uniform Speed in The Train-Bridge System	6
4.  	Brief Account of Research	9

Chapter 2  Theory Illustration	11
1.  	Introduction	11
2.  	Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)	12
3.  	Newmark’s Method	15
3.1. 	Basic Procedure	15
3.2  	Newmark’s Method for Linear Systems	16
4.  	The Theories of Dynamics for Distributed Beam	18
4.1. 	Systems Subjected to External Force	18
4.2. 	Natural Vibration Frequency and Modes of Systems	19
4.3. 	Modal Analysis of Forced Dynamic Response	21
4.4. 	Uniform Simply Supported Beam	24
4.5. 	Uniform Elastically Supported Beam	25
4.6. 	Uniform Cantilever Beam	27
4.7. 	Uniform Cantilever Beam with Lumped Mass	28
5.  	Finite Element Solution	30
5.1. 	Moving Wheel Element	31
5.2. 	Spring-Damper and Lumped Mass Element	32
5.3. 	Rigid Link Effect	33
6.  	The Theory of Domain Frequency of Trainload	34
7.  	Assumptions and Equations of Braking and Acceleration	36
8.  	The Rail Irregularity	37

Chapter 3  The Experiment Equipments and Field Experiments Illustration	45
1.  	The Self-Developed System of Measurements	46
1.1. 	The Operation of Data Acquisition Program	46
1.2. 	Basic Capability	47
1.3  	Extra Capability	49
2.  	Introduction of The Measurement Equipments	50
3.  	Introduce The Experiment Locations and The Specification of Trains	53
4.  	Description of Experiment	54
4.1. 	Processes of Experiment	54

Chapter 4  Ground Vibration Induced by Trainload at Free Field	68
1.  	Theoretical Validation Schemes	68
1.1. 	Theoretical Model of Vehicle with 6 Degrees of Freedom	69
1.2. 	Theoretical Vibration of Simply Supported Beam	71
2.  	Vibration Behavior of Trains Moving on A Bridge	73
2.1. 	The Theoretical Simulation Results	73
2.2. 	The Field Experimental Results	75
3.  	Vibration Behavior of Trains Moving on The Ground	76
3.1. 	The Theoretical Simulation Results	77
3.2. 	The Field Experimental Results	78
4.  	Discussion	79

Chapter 5  The Dynamic Response of Bridge Induced by The Moving Trains with Non-Uniform Speeds	88
1. 	Composing of Theoretical Model	88
1.1. 	Theoretical Model of Vehicle with 11 Degrees of Freedom	89
1.2. 	Vertical Vibration of Elastically Supported Beam	92
1.3. 	Horizontal Vibration of High Pier with Lumped Mass	95
1.4. 	Proving the Theoretical solution	97
2.  	Parametric Studies of The Theoretical Model	98
2.1.  Effect of Pier Height	98
2.2. 	Effect of Beam length	99
2.3. 	Effect of Train Acceleration	99
2.4. 	Effect of Rail Irregularity	100
3.  	Field Experiment of Train Braking	101
3.1. 	Illustration of Bridge System and High-Speed Train	101
3.2. 	Experiment Setup and Equipment	102
3.3. 	Field Experiment Results	102
4.  	Discussion	103

Chapter 6  Conclusions	117
1.  	Conclusions	117
2.  	Future Work	118

Reference	119
                                    

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校內：立即公開
校外：2007-07-05公開

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