| 研究生: |
陳文珊 Chen, Wen-Shan |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
四級銨鹽對聚(N-乙烯吡咯烷酮)與十二烷基硫酸鈉交互作用影響之研究: 四級銨鹽碳鏈長度的影響 Influence of Quaternary Ammonium Salt on the Interaction between Poly(N- vinylpyrrolidone) and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: Effects of the Alkyl Chain Length of Quaternary Ammonium Salt |
| 指導教授: |
侯聖澍
Hou, Sheng-Shu |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2011 |
| 畢業學年度: | 99 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 79 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 界面活性劑 、高分子 、四級銨鹽 、表面張力 、螢光探針 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | SDS, PVP, quaternary ammonium bromide, fluorescence, Surface tension |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:66 下載:2 |
| 分享至: |
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本研究主旨為探討十二烷基硫酸鈉(SDS)、聚(N -乙烯基吡咯烷酮)(PVP)以及具對稱性的四級銨鹽(TAAB)之間的相互作用,並更進一步比較疏水基長度不同的四級銨鹽以及一般無機鹽類的添加結果。由於不同的四級銨鹽(TMAB、TEAB、TPAB和TBAB)其上分別帶有甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基等不同長度的烷基,這不僅造成各鹽類疏水性的差異,更影響了溶液中微胞、複合物等叢集結構的生成性質。實驗中藉由Pyrene螢光探針及表面張力實驗等方法測量三成分系統(SDS/PVP/TAAB)中高分子-界面活性劑複合物開始生成的臨界聚集濃度(cac),並且將cac測量值與溶液中不存在高分子時,兩成分系統(SDS/TAAB)中微胞開始生成的臨界微胞濃度(cmc)進行比較。
在兩成分系統時,各鹽類與陰離子型界面活性劑(DS-)結合比率大小排序如下,NaCl ~ AB < TMAB < TEAB < TPAB < TBAB,且此因素直接影響微胞的cmc大小;但是鹽類與SDS的結合比率對於複合物生成的影響卻複雜許多,在形成複合物的過程中,SDS與PVP之間的交互作用為靜電引力和疏水效應,由於二者作用均不強,故使得其複合結構較微胞更為鬆散、且出現PVP鏈段部分淺層穿入SDS叢集群、部分包覆於叢集外圍之型態。故複合物的生成,可以考慮成一部分與PVP發生作用之微胞結構,其中鹽類的存在,可降低SDS頭基間的靜電斥力有助於複合物生成;然而直接與PVP作用的SDS卻需保有其陰電性。綜合考量上述兩點可知,陽離子與DS-的結合比率並非愈大愈有助於複合物生成,最直接的證據是TPAB、TBAB等結合比率較大之四級銨鹽的添加,反而阻礙複合物形成,使cac變大。
根據前段結果可知,高分子與界面活性劑溶液中,不必然會生成複合物,其所生成的叢集物性質可藉由改變四級銨鹽的碳鏈長度及添加濃度調變成所需的型態。
The interaction between poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and symmetrical tetramethyl-, tetraethyl-, tetrapropyl-, and tetrabutylammonium bromides (TMAB, TEAB, TPAB, and TBAB, respectively), has been investigated by tensiometric and fluorescent techniques to determine the critical aggregation concentration (cac) of the surfactants in the presence of polymer. The cac values were compared to the values of the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of the surfactants in the absence of polymer.
The cmc was found to decrease in the sequence: NaCl ~ AB > TMAB > TEAB > TPAB > TBAB. The data indicate that the degree of the conuterion binding is found to increase with the increasing size of the alkyl chain length of the tetraalkylammonium bromides (TAAB).
However, the cac showed the different outcome. There is not the maximum value of cac in the TBAB experimental system. It implies that the degree of the conuterion binding is too large to form the complex.
In three components system of TAAB/SDS/PVP, the NMR results show that SDS interacts with PVP, forming micelle-like clusters bound onto the polymer, and furthermore suggest that the SDS/PVP complex formation implies the synergic effects of the electrostatic attractions and the hydrophobic interaction. Both of them are weak influences, so the clusters are looser than micelle structures. It also hints that only the superficial layer of SDS aggregates is affected by the presence of PVP.
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