| 研究生: |
徐憶芬 Hsu, Yi-Fen |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
Fluoroquinolone 於臺灣小兒病患使用之處方型態分析 The Prescribing Pattern of Fluoroquinolone in Pediatric Patients in Taiwan |
| 指導教授: |
高雅慧
Yang, Yea Huei Kao |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
醫學院 - 臨床藥學與藥物科技研究所 Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical sciences |
| 論文出版年: | 2013 |
| 畢業學年度: | 101 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 115 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | Fluoroquinolone 、小兒 、抗生素 、處方型態 、骨骼肌肉不良反應 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Fluoroquinolone, antibiotics for pediatrics, prescribing patterns, musculoskeletal disorders |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:204 下載:5 |
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研究背景
Fluoroquinolone殺菌範圍廣泛,於臨床上具有重要治療角色。然而,自1962年第一位因使用fluoroquinolone而發生骨骼肌肉不良反應的案例發表後,至1977年間,許多動物試驗也顯示用於發育未成熟的動物,易發生骨關節病變,尤其以下肢承重關節最為常見。因此,開始有專家認為fluoroquinolone不應使用於小兒族群。2006年美國小兒科醫學會提出,建議限制fluoroquinolone用於18歲以下小兒病患。在國內fluoroquinolone抗生素,仍經常被處方使用於上呼吸道感染的小兒族群,國內處方盛行率又略高於美國。因此,本研究目的希望藉由觀察1998~2010年,長達13年的健保資料庫之就醫資料,分析fluoroquinolone於臺灣小兒族群與處方型態與處方合理性等,並初步探討使用fluoroquinolone並且同時被診斷為骨骼肌肉相關疾病的發生率。
研究方法
本研究利用1997年至2010年全民健康保險資料庫,於2010年抽樣之百萬人抽樣歸人檔,篩選18歲以下,其用藥紀錄含有依ATC(Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) code為全身性fluoroquinolone之國內已上市藥品。排除1997 年以前,曾被處方全身性fluoroquinolone 抗生素之病患,並排除2010
年11 月30 日前,尚未完成治療療程之處方。分析研究族群之基本資料、處方盛行率、診斷合理性、藥品使用趨勢等。並自處方日至停藥後30 天內,評估處方fluoroquinolone,與於觀察時間內同時被診斷骨骼肌肉相關疾病的發生率、共病症以及首次處方fluoroquinolone 前180 天內,已被診斷骨骼肌肉相關疾病的比率等情況。
研究結果
1998~2010年,門診處方共124,121筆,就醫人數共50,138人;住院處方共790筆,就醫人數共695人。處方盛行率於2000年最高為5.34%,之後便逐年下降。門診處方以上呼吸道感染為主要診斷,並以ofloxacin為主要處方藥品。住院處方則以泌尿生殖系感染與肺炎為主要診斷,以ciproflocxacin為主要處方藥品。處方fluoroquinolone並於觀察時間內,同時被診斷骨骼肌肉相關疾病之比率為0.6~0.95%。其中,以處方levofloxacin為最多。
結論
Fluoroquinolone於臺灣小兒病患處方有逐年下降的趨勢。但門診處方用於上呼吸道感染比率(50.62%)偏高,可能屬於不合理現象。因此,建議藉由醫療政策介入,加強醫療人員與小兒病患父母,對抗生素與上呼吸道感染疾病的認知,以期降低不合理處方。而處方fluoroquinolone並同時有骨骼肌肉相關疾病之診斷比率低於國外,然其因果關係仍須進一步探究。
Background
Fluoroquinolone are broad-spectrum antibiotics that play an important role in treatment of serious bacterial infections. However, in 1962, the first case of musculoskeletal adverse events occurred after taking fluoroquinolone. Until 1977, many animal studies revealed that juvenile animals developed bone and joint disease, particularly in bearing joints of lower limbs. Therefore, pediatric specialists recommended that fluoroquinolone antibiotics would not be given to children. In 2006, a recommendation was proposed by the American Academy of Pediatrics that fluoroquinolone should not be prescribed to children under age of eighteen. Nevertheless, fluoroquinolone antibiotics are commonly used on pediatric patients with upper respiratory tract infection in Taiwan; moreover, the prescriptions of fluoroquinolone are given more frequently in Taiwan than in US. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the prevalence and rationality of giving fluoroquinolone in pediatrics, and investigating the incidence of coexisting of giving fluoroquinolone to child and diagnosing as musculoskeletal diseases.
Methods
In this research, we used the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010(LHID 2010), which consisted health data of one million populations. We excluded the individuals had been prescribed systemic use of fluoroquinolone and the study population aged under or equal to 18 years old. We analyzed the prescribing pattern and evaluated the musculoskeletal diseases diagnosed during the observation time.
Results
In the cohort of LHID 2010, from 1998 to 2010, the numbers of fluoroquinolone of prescriptions for pediatric patients we listed in following. The outpatient prescription number was 124,121 and the patient visit was 50,138 the inpatient prescription number was 790 and the patient visit was 695. The prevalence of fluoroquinolone prescription was 5.34% in 2000 and decreasing. The major diagnose given to outpatient was upper respiratory tract infection and was commonly prescribed with oflocxacin. On the other hand, ciprofloxacin was prescribed to inpatients with diagnoses of genitourinary infection and pneumonia. The coexisting rate of prescription of fluoroquinolone over the diagnoses of musculoskeletal diseases was 0.6% to 0.95%. During the observational period, levofloxacin was used most frequently; nevertheless, the causal relationship should be studied further in the future.
Conclusion
The prescription number of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in pediatrics was decreasing. However, it might not be reasonable that fluoroquinolone given to outpatient children with upper respiratory tract infection (50.62%).Therefore, to improve the awareness of antibiotics usage in the upper respiratory tract infection in clinical practitioners and parents to decrease irrational prescriptions. The coexisting rate prescription of fluoroquinolone over the diagnoses of musculoskeletal in Taiwan is lower than the rate in foreign countries. However, further study on association is suggested.
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