根據畜產會的統計，臺灣於2023年飼養超過530萬頭豬隻，而豬糞尿處理過程與固渣的堆置會產生大量甲烷與氧化亞氮等溫室氣體並產生異味影響周邊環境。根據環境部的統計，2022年豬糞尿處理的碳排高達80萬公噸二氧化碳當量，成為畜牧糞尿管理中最大的溫室氣體排放來源。
乾式厭氧醱酵是一種資源化導向技術，主要為高固含量有機廢棄物所設計，特別適用於畜禽糞便、農作物稻草及其他有機固體廢棄物。與濕式厭氧醱酵相比，乾式厭氧醱酵具備更高的產氣效率、更低的需水量、更小的設置空間，以及顯著的減碳效益。
本研究將乾式厭氧醱酵技術應用於高固含量豬糞的處理，以減輕傳統豬隻廢水處理對環境的衝擊與高能耗問題，並透過混合豬糞與農業剩餘資材進行共醱酵，提升並最佳化厭氧產甲烷的產氣潛力。
在研究的第一階段，進行了固體豬糞與農業剩餘資材（包含市場廢棄果菜、檸檬皮及玉米莖）的生化甲烷潛能（BMP）試驗，以評估在不同植種添加比策略與共醱酵混合比例下的厭氧醱酵效能。結果顯示，豬糞與果菜以1:1與1:2（VS 基準）的混合比例進行共醱酵時，分別達到 579.51 與 599.00 L-biogas/kg-VS 的甲烷產量，均高於單一基質處理，展現出明顯的協同效應。BMP測試的動力學模型擬合結果進一步顯示，Superimposed模型在描述高固含量、異質基質的雙相降解行為上具有最佳準確度。
在第二階段，採用實驗室規模之車庫式乾式厭氧醱酵系統，以模擬多槽進料的實際操作條件。結果發現，在固體停留時間（SRT）14天的條件下，共醱酵組的產氣量可達 674.25 L-biogas/kg-VS，顯著優於單一基質處理。
能源與減碳效益的評估進一步證實，此系統具備相當高的減碳潛能。依據本研究量測之產氣數據進行計算，若沼氣用於發電，處理每噸有機質的總減碳效益約為1噸CO2e；若進一步作為熱源以取代天然氣，則可提升至1.55–1.62噸CO2e。這些結果凸顯乾式厭氧醱酵兼具減緩溫室氣體排放與提供再生能源的雙重優勢，展現其在農業與食品工業領域永續發展上的潛力。

Swine farming is the backbone of Taiwan’s livestock industry, with over 5.3 million pigs raised in 2023. The treatment of swine manure and urine generated methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), contributing up to 800 kilotons of CO2-equivalent in 2022, making it the largest emission source within manure management.
Dry Anaerobic Digestion is a resource-oriented technology specifically designed for high-solid-content organic waste, making it suitable for livestock manure, crop straw, and other organic solid residues. Compared to wet anaerobic digestion, dry anaerobic digestion offers advantages such as higher biogas yield, lower water requirement, smaller footprint, and notable carbon reduction benefits.
This study applies dry anaerobic digestion technology to the treatment of high-solid-content swine manure, aiming to mitigate the environmental impacts and energy-intensive requirements of conventional swine wastewater management. By co-digesting swine manure with agricultural by-products, the research seeks to enhance and optimize biochemical methane production.
In this study, biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests were conducted using solid swine manure and agricultural byproducts, including vegetable waste, lemon peels, and corn stalks, to evaluate anaerobic digestion performance under different inoculation strategies and mixing ratios. Results demonstrated that co-digestion of solid swine manure and vegetable waste at mixing ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 achieved methane yields of 579.51 and 599.00 L-biogas/kg-VS, respectively, which were higher than those of individual substrates, indicating clear synergistic effects. BMP kinetic model fitting further revealed that the Superimposed model provided the best accuracy for describing the dual-phase degradation behavior of heterogeneous, high-solid substrates.
In the second stage, a lab-scale garage-type dry anaerobic digestion system was employed to simulate multi-chamber operating conditions. The co-digestion group achieved up to 674.25 L-biogas/kg-VS at a solid retention time of 14 days, significantly outperforming single substrates.
The evaluation of energy and carbon reduction benefits further demonstrated that this system offers substantial mitigation potential. Based on the measured gas yield, the total reduction reached approximately 1 ton CO2e per ton of VS when biogas was used for electricity generation and could be further increased to 1.55–1.62 tons CO2e per ton of VS when applied as a heat source to replace natural gas. These findings highlight the dual role of dry anaerobic digestion in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and providing renewable energy, underscoring its potential for sustainable development in the agricultural and food industry sectors.

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