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研究生: 戴文停
TAI, WEN TING
論文名稱: 不等間距排樁丁壩流場特性之試驗研究
Experimental study on flow characteristics around a non-uniform permeable pile groin
指導教授: 呂珍謀
LYU, JHEN MOU
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 水利及海洋工程學系碩士在職專班
Department of Hydraulic & Ocean Engineering (on the job class)
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 84
中文關鍵詞: 排樁丁壩完全發展紊流流場變化
外文關鍵詞: side by side piles, groyne, fully developed turbulent flow, change of flow field
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  • 本論文旨在探討完全發展紊流通過排樁型式之丁壩時,上下游水面及流場變化情形。為使排樁丁壩上下游之水流流場分析更符實際,本論文透過實驗方式,利用聲波都卜勒流速儀(ADV)來量測排樁丁壩上下游附近斷面之流速分佈,以檢視分析對於水流通過排樁時所對其流場特性所產生之影響。
    從實驗量測所得之垂向流速分佈顯示,縱向和橫向之水位會隨著水深明顯產生變化,其次水面下流速剖面隨著深度越深而產生更明顯水面線波動。因此,藉由ADV量測丁壩排樁所產生之紊流,可知水流與排樁交界面存在造成排樁上游之流速隨著與排樁距離之增加而減少。由實驗結果可知,排樁的阻水作用而能使其前方流水產生壅水,而水流通過排樁後方水流流速明顯變慢。

    The objective of this study was to evaluate the change of flow field of up and down stream where a fully developed turbulent flow passes over the side by side piles of groyne.
    In order to provide more realistic condition for analyzing up and down stream flow fields of the side by side piles, this study applied the Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter to detect the flow field condition for investigating and analyzing the effects on flow field characteristics due to the groyne.
    By investigating the detected data, it showed not only vertical but also horizontal backwater level significantly changed along with the variation of water depth. Furthermore, the velocity profile under water surface was noticed to be the deeper the more fluctuation. Also, it is found that the flow velocity decreased proportionally as if the distance in between piles increased. From the results of this study, the side by side piles of groyne caused backwater at the interfaces between piles, which induced the subsequent flow velocity significantly decreased.

    中文摘要........................................I Abstract......................................II 誌謝..........................................III 目錄...........................................IV 圖目錄..........................................VI 相片附錄........................................IX 符號說明.........................................X 第一章 緒論......................................1 1.1 前言.........................................1 1.2 研究目的......................................2 1.3前人研究.......................................2 1.3.1丁壩附近的水流分區模型.........................7 1.3.2丁壩上游水面線的計算...........................9 1.4 研究方法......................................12 1.5 本文組織......................................13 第二章 理論分析....................................14 2.1 高斯分佈(Gaussian Distribution)...............14 2.2紊流之量度與分析─Reynolds平均法則...............15 第三章 試驗設備器材及方法...........................17 3.1實驗渠道與佈置..................................17 3.2實驗設備.......................................18 3.2.1抽水馬達.....................................18 3.2.2 100度三角堰................................18 3.3實驗儀器.......................................20 3.3.1聲波都卜勒式流速儀.............................20 3.3.2實驗儀器架設..................................21 3.4流速儀量測原理與資料擷取..........................22 3.4.1聲波都卜勒式流速儀量測原理與方法.................22 3.4.2 ADV流速儀資料擷取與處理........................22 3.4.3聲波都卜勒式流速儀之流速資料的特性................24 3.5不等間距排樁丁壩結構..............................26 第四章 實驗結果分析與討論.............................28 4.1水深分佈.........................................29 4.2 不同水深平面之流場特性分析........................30 4.2.1 平面流場分析..................................30 4.2.2 等流速分佈分析.................................31 4.2.3紊流強度.......................................33 4.2.4紊流能量.......................................36 4.3不同橫向位置之流速剖面分析.........................37 4.4 綜合討論........................................76 4.4.1水深分佈.......................................76 4.4.2 平面流場分析...................................76 4.4.3剖面等流速等曲線分析.............................76 4.4.4紊流能量.......................................78 4.4.5縱斷面平均流速分析...............................78 第五章 結論與建議....................................79 5.1 結論............................................79 5.2 建議............................................80 參考文獻.............................................81 附錄................................................82

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