近年來由於全球暖化的影響日益嚴重，逐年攀升的氣溫已經證實會對農作物的產量造成影響，而且高溫對動物所造成的熱壓力已造成美國家畜市場高達二十億美元的損失。高山因海拔高度差異而造成多樣的氣候環境，目前已有許多研究探討高山生物如何透過生理的調控來適應高山的氣候環境，但對於高山植物如何因應全球暖化，目前尚未有詳細的研究。本篇研究利用高溫模擬全球暖化並探討位於不同海拔之玉山阿拉伯芥及野生型(Col-0)之阿拉伯芥於熱逆境下所誘發之基因網路及途徑，並比較他們之間的異同。首先以38℃對Col-0阿拉伯芥及位於2000及3000公尺高之玉山阿拉伯芥進行3、5及7小時的熱逆境處理，發現熱逆境處理5小時之後，Col-0阿拉伯芥根尖細胞的死亡比例顯著較兩個不同海拔之玉山阿拉伯芥高，經過7小時的熱逆境處理後，3000公尺之玉山阿拉伯芥根尖細胞的死亡比例顯著較2000公尺高，由此可以發現三植株對於熱逆境有不同的耐受性。接著利用次世代定序技術分析三植株在熱逆境處理3小時後的轉錄體，發現乙烯生合成、鈣離子訊息傳遞及HSF之調控上Col-0阿拉伯芥與不同海拔之玉山阿拉伯芥之間有所差異，顯示Col-0阿拉伯芥及不同海拔之玉山阿拉伯芥在熱逆境下所誘發之基因網路及途徑有所不同。本研究亦分析兩個不同海拔之玉山阿拉伯芥在熱逆境下之轉錄體，發現一些功能尚未被明確探討卻可能參與熱逆境調控機制之轉錄因子及蛋白質激酶，進一步利用T-DNA突變植株驗證這些轉錄因子及蛋白質激酶確實參與植物因應熱逆境之調控機制中。
綜合以上，本篇研究提供了高山植物因應全球暖化所誘發的分子機制，對於探究全球暖化下高山植物專屬之因應機制上是非常必要的。

Because of the global average temperature has increasedin recent year, it has become an important issue in worldwide. In this study, I focus on the global warming giving an impact to alpine plants that grown in different altitudes which gives the environment diversity. The heat stress treatment of 38℃ in replacement of global warming were used to treat the Arabidopsis lyrata subsp.kamchaticafrom altitudes of 2000m and 3000m and Arabidopsisthaliana (Col-0). After treating heat stress with 38℃, Arabidopsis lyrata subsp.kamchaticafrom two altitudes and Arabidopsisthaliana (Col-0) showed different cell death ratio. NGS sequencing also showed variation in expression at transcriptome level,and found that differences of ethylene biosynthesis, calcium signaling pathway and the regulation of heat shock factor in the three plants, identifying different genes and pathway in response to heat stress. In this study also found that transcription factor and protein kinase genes that may participate in heat stress regulation in alpine plants that differ in two altitudes. Using the T-DNA mutant Arabidopsis thliana to confirm these transcription factor and protein kinase genes are participate in plant heat stress regulation. To sum up, this study presents high-alpine plants’ molecular mechanism in response to global warming. Such information is essential to identify specific genes and pathways involved in warmer climatic tolerance of high-alpine plants.

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