根據2021年的格拉斯哥氣候協議(Glasgow Climate Pact)，世界各國期望能在本世紀中(2050年)以前達到淨零碳排放的目標。浮動式離岸風電被視為未來的主流再生能源之一，採用浮動式離岸風機之優點包含: 可模組化於港口施工、海上安裝較快速、可設置範圍較廣、受水深限制較小、以及可降成本空間較大等。目前國際上現有的浮動式示範風機裝置之水深區域約為100 – 200 公尺；而台灣離岸風能密度最高區域之水深約為50 – 100 公尺，對浮動式平台來說為淺水區域，繫纜系統的非線性效果顯著且浮動平台所受二階波浪力也較深水區域明顯，故需重新設計與分析適合該區域之繫纜系統。

在本文中，針對浮動式風機的淺水繫纜系統進行繫纜系統設計、全耦合模型動態分析、極端破壞事件研究、風險評估等整體性的研究。首先，以單纜系統進行參數分析，考慮不同繫纜單位重、長度、以及複合材料在不同的預張力與運動速度下的張力響應與瞬荷載(Snap Load)發生頻率，以提供淺水繫纜系統設計之初步方案及與環境條件之相關性，如:水深與繫纜之合理比例。此外，本文亦整理浮動式平台相關之國際規範，用於檢驗全耦合動態分析中的浮動式平台響應是否符合國際標準。在數值與實驗數據相互驗證部分，除了確認數值與實驗數據有良好的一致性外，藉由不同比例尺之物理模型結果可發現在大比例尺中，繫纜系統對於浮動式平台有明顯的阻尼效果。

由於純懸鍊繫纜系統(Pure chain mooring system)應用於淺水區的效果不佳，容易產生瞬荷載與成本過高的問題，本研究中亦考慮了複合式繫纜系統(Hybrid mooring system)，其分為三段組合: 上部耐磨段( Top chain)、中間彈性段(flexible material)、下部加重錨鍊(Bottom chain)，分析平台姿態反應和繫纜張力變化，更進一步評估繫纜成本與疲勞損傷。最後，針對繫纜系統在極端海況下的失效事件進行探討，匡列出繫纜失效後可能移動之範圍並提出一數學公式來預估不同繫纜配置的平台飄移範圍。本研究之成果期盼能成為浮動式風機發展之基石，提供相關基礎知識以推動浮動式風機在台灣之進展，在淨零碳排放目標的進程中提供微薄的貢獻。

Net zero is the main goal for many countries to achieve by the middle of this century. Floating wind turbines are recently regarded as a major renewable energy source. The floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) have several advantages compared to the other renewable sources, such as a wider installation area, a larger capacity of one unit wind turbine, and higher potential drop in cost. The demonstration wind turbines are currently installed in around 100 – 200 meters of water depth, while some wind energy hotspot is located at approximately 50 – 100 meters, which is a shallow water area for FOWTs. The nonlinear tension effect of the mooring system and the second-order wave force on the floating platform are much larger in shallow water than in deep water. Therefore, proposing a suitable and cost-effective mooring system for shallow water is one of the end goals of this thesis.

Design of the mooring system, dynamic analysis of the fully coupled models, investigation of extreme damage events, and risk assessment are carried out for the shallow water mooring system of the floating wind turbine in this study. Firstly, studying the tension response of a single mooring line and the snap load occurrence frequency through four different parameters, including per unit weight, pre-tension, the length of the mooring lines, and the movement speed on the top end. Besides, two types of fibre material applied in hybrid mooring models are investigated too. The results provide a preliminary concept design for shallow water mooring systems, for example, the ratio of mooring line length and the water depth. In order to evaluate the performance of the FOWTs, the international standards from different organizations relevant to the FOWTs are listed systematically.

Full-coupling models are proposed in simulation and experiment and the validation shows a good agreement in both approach methods. It is worth noticing that the mooring system damping effect is more significant with the physical models scale up. Compared to the pure chain mooring systems, the hybrid mooring systems could be more suitable to apply in the shallow water area because the flexible materials (such as Exeter tether and Nylon) can provide horizontal restoring force smoothly. Furthermore, the hybrid mooring systems also show advantages in the cost and operational life. Finally, the failure events of the mooring system under extreme sea conditions are discussed, the possible movement range after the mooring failure is listed, and a mathematical formula is proposed to estimate the platform drift range of different mooring configurations. The results of this study are expected to be the cornerstone of the development of floating wind turbines, provide relevant basic knowledge to promote the development of floating wind turbines in Taiwan and contribute to the progress of the net zero carbon emission target.

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