| 研究生: |
黃信銘 Huang, Hsin-Ming |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
框組式木構造耐火性能與木構材炭化率之研究 Studies on Fire Resistance Performance in Wood Framing Construction & Charring Rate of Timber Frames |
| 指導教授: |
曾俊達
Tzeng, Chun-Ta |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
規劃與設計學院 - 建築學系 Department of Architecture |
| 論文出版年: | 2008 |
| 畢業學年度: | 96 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 142 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 炭化率 、框組壁工法 、木構材 、耐火性能 、木構造 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Fire Resistance Performance, Timber Frames, Charring Rate, Wood Framing, Platform Construction |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:262 下載:7 |
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為積極落實木構造防火安全之目標,建立國內防火實驗數據,本研究配合國科會96年度之研究計畫「木構造承重牆耐火性能驗證研究」,進行相關研究實驗。
研究範圍以框組式木構造牆體耐火性能與木構材炭化率兩個主要研究對象為主。
框組式木構造牆之構法參考國內外組構方法,依現行規範之規定進行一小時耐火性能實驗。木構材炭化率實驗採用實木試體,樹種選擇國內建材普遍使用之杉木(福杉)與柳杉,國外進口之南方松與雲杉(SPF),計四種樹種進行炭化率實驗。經由文獻資料整理框組式木構造牆體構造之組構與防火規範,並彙整木材高溫燃燒性質、炭化理論以及炭化率預估模式之研究基礎資料,透過實驗驗證與理論資料比對分析,進而獲得研究成果。本研究具體成果整理如下:
一、框組式木構造耐火性能
1. 實驗結果顯示框組式木構造牆體在組構方式上,間柱斷面2×6較間柱斷面2×4具備較高的防火性,且矽酸鈣板之防火性能優於石膏板。
2. 在牆體之熱傳導特性中,間柱斷面2×4以及矽酸鈣板之兩種組構型態,於非加熱面靠近間柱位置熱傳導性較高。其次為間柱斷面2×6以及石膏板之兩種組構型態,於非加熱面靠近板材中央之熱傳導性較高。
3. 在四種牆體組構類型受火害時,實驗結果顯示矽酸鈣板熱傳導性較石膏板快速,對於內部間柱構件受熱高溫炭化影響相對較高。
二、木構材炭化率
1. 炭化率實驗之高溫爐設備因故無法依設定溫度正常升溫,將炭化實驗結果之數據與炭化率預估模式比較,兩者之間存有不小的誤差。經本研究重新以實驗爐溫修正並代算炭化率預估模式,當加熱條件在CNS標準升溫曲線之前提下,炭化實驗數據與預估模式兩者間具有相當高的解釋能力。
2. 另依框組式木構造耐火性能實驗之內部構件升溫條件,對不同樹種實木構材進行炭化率實驗,過程雖因設備問題導致實驗數據僅供參考,但已初步建立實驗樹種之炭化率數據以及木構材炭化率實驗之程序,供後續相關研究參考。
To achieve the goal of implementing the safe fireproofing of wood and to set up national data of firing prevention experiment, this research cooperates with National Science Council’s annual research which called A study on the test of the Fire Resistance Performance on wood Bearing Wall in 2007 and proceeds the relevant experiment.
The objects of this study are focused on Fire Resistance Performance in Wood Framing Construction and Charring Rate of Timber Frames. Fire Resistance Performance in Wood Framing are based on domestic and international wood framing and based on current regulation to proceed the fire-resistant performance experiment for an hour. The experiment of Charring Rate of Timber Frames adopts the really wood. The types of wood include China fir, Japanese Cedar, Southern pine and Spruce-pine-fir which are all common materials for domestic building. The outcome of this research combines the result from experiment and the materials from theory. The theory contain Fire Resistance Performance in Wood Framing Construction and Fire Regulation, high-temperature combustion properties of wood, Char theory and Char rate. The result from this study please refers to following paragraph:
First, Fire Resistance Performance in Wood Framing Construction
1. The result of experiment illustrates that on the aspect of structure of wood framing construction, the stud-section 2×6 has higher fire resistance than 2×4. Besides, calcium silicate board has higher fire resistance than gypsum board.
2. In the heat-conduction characteristic of the wall, non-heating side of the stud-section 2×4 and calcium silicate board have higher heat-conduction than non-heating side of the stud-section 2×6 and gypsum board.
3. When above four items are damaged by fire, the calcium silicate board has faster heat conduction than gypsum board. Relative is higher to stud being heated high-temperature char influence.
Second, Charring Rate of Timber Frames
1. Due to some unexpected reason, the high-temperature furnace equipment of the char rate experiment can not in normal temperature warming according to set temperature. Therefore, there are some errors between the result of char rate experiment and char rate forecast model. This study amends the high-
temperature furnace equipment and re-calculates the char rate forecast model. When the heating conditions in the CNS standards under the premise of the warming curve, char rate forecast models and experimental data have a very high ability to explanation.
2. According to the platform wood framing fire resistance performance’s internal warming condition, this research proceeds an char rate experiment to different kinds of wood. Although there are some problems caused by equipment which led to the experimental data for reference purposes only, the preliminary char rate of experimental wood and procedure of timber frames’ char rate have been established and can be the references for the related study in the future.
■ 中文資料
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C07:經濟部標準檢驗局,《CNS14652建築物防火詞彙-防火試驗用語》,經濟部標準檢驗局印行,2002.7。
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C13:何明錦、雷明遠,《木構造防火技術規範與集成材炭化特性之研究》,內政部建築研究所研究報告,台北,2005.12。
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C16:曾俊達、蘇鴻奇 、葉世文,《框組式木構造區劃牆耐火性能驗證研究》,建築學報第59期,頁145-162,2007.3。
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■ 英文資料
E01:Robert H. White and Mark A. Dietenberger, Wood handbook—Wood as an engineering material, CH17 Fire Safety, Forest Products Laboratory, 1999.
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E03:Jacques Michel Njankouo, Jean-Claude Dotreppe and Jean-Marc Franssen, Experimental study of the charring rate of tropical hardwoods, FIRE AND MATERIALS, 15-24 ,2004.
■ 日文資料
J01:中村賢一、山田誠,《木造建築の防火設計》,1998。
J02:日本建築學會,《構造材料の耐火性》,2004。