目的：過去研究指出乙醛脫氫酶2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, ALDH2)基因多型性與神經退化性疾患（如：阿茲海默氏病、巴金森氏病）與物質使用障礙症（如：酒精使用、鴉片類物質使用）患者之認知功能有關。基於多巴胺投射路徑相關機制及ALDH2於多巴胺代謝分解路徑中扮演的重要角色，本研究欲探索ALDH2基因多型性對鴉片類物質使用者於各執行功能範疇表現之效果。
方法：本研究招募58名鴉片類物質使用者，以聚合酶鏈反應分析參與者乙醛脫氫酶2基因型，以尼爾森修訂版卡片分類測驗、語意流暢度測驗、史楚普字色測驗、及彩色路徑描繪測驗等工具，評估參與者的計畫能力、語文流暢、反應抑制、及系列轉換等執行功能子範疇，分析基因型與執行功能表現間的關係。
結果：帶有ALDH2 A等位基因的鴉片類物質使用者於尼爾森修訂版卡片分類測驗─完成分類表現較差(F = 5.34, p = 0.02)。然而，帶有ALDH2 A等位基因的鴉片類物質使用者於彩色路徑描繪測驗─路徑二表現較佳(F = 8.21, p = 0.01)。
討論：在鴉片類物質使用者中，如研究假設之預期，ALDH2 A等位基因可能對執行功能的計畫能力有負面效果。雖研究結果顯示ALDH2 A等位基因可能對執行功能的系列轉換能力有正面效果，我們傾向認為此結果可能導因於患者較衝動而缺乏事前規劃，反應時間短導致答題效率較高，此推論尚需更多的研究驗證。

Previous study suggested that the genotype aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is associated with the cognitive function of neurodegenerative disorder (Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease) and substance use disorder (alcohol use and opiate use) patients. Based on the mechanism of dopamine projectile pathway and the effect of ALDH2 on dopamine metabolize, this study is aim to explore the effect of ALDH2 gene polymorphism on executive function in opiate user. Fifty eight opiate users was recruited, and their ALDH2 gene polymorphism were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction. Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Semantic Verbal Fluency Test, Stroop Test, and Color Trails Test were used to assess the executive function subdomains (planning, verbal fluency, reaction inhibition, and set shifting). Analysis the relationship between gene and executive function performance. The opiate user with ALDH2 A allele perform worse in Category Complete Index in Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test than who without ALDH2 A (F = 5.34, p = 0.02). However, the opiate user with ALDH2 A allele perform better in Trail 2 in Color Trails Test (F = 8.21, p = 0.01). As our hypothesis, ALDH2 A allele may have a negative effect on planning. Although the results show that ALDH2 A allele may has a positive effect on set shifting, we tend to attribute the result to the impulsivity and lack of planning test answering style, which cause lesser time spent and higher answering efficiency. This suppose needs more study to verify.

李宇宙、陳映雪、陳純誠等（民103）。迷你國際神經精神會談問卷。台北市：台灣精神醫學會。
高志潔（民98）。台灣正常中老年人尼爾森修訂版卡片分類測驗之常模研究（碩士論文）。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。
陳勁秀（民99）。台灣正常中老年人語意流暢度測驗之北部地區常模研究（碩士論文）。取自臺灣博碩士論文系統。
郭曉燕、花茂棽（民104）。彩色路徑描繪測驗（中文版）指導手冊。台北市：中國行為科學社。
衛生福利部食品藥物管理署（民103）。停看聽-103年全國物質使用調查結果。行政院衛生福利部食品藥物管理署新聞簡報，未出版。
衛生福利部食品藥物管理署（民105）。藥物濫用案件暨檢驗統計資料105年報分析。行政院衛生福利部食品藥物管理署統計資料，未出版。
樊皖君（民102）。台灣正常人史楚普字色測驗之常模研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺灣大學心理學研究所。臺北市。
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