使用攝像設備架設於水面上對水下礫石進行拍攝時，受限水面因水流與風場影響而產生的動態變化，以及陽光因水面不平整而造成的水面波光影響，使得水下礫石粒徑資訊不易取得。水下攝影設備可應用於水深較深的區域，但水深小於40公分的淺水區域，水下攝像設備受限於作業空間，無法在此水深範圍使用。
本研究使用水面上定點拍攝連續影像，並以時間上的平均濾波器重建一幅模糊水下影像。並利用紅點標做為推估PSF的參考影像，藉由兩次的R-L演算法的運算，獲得最佳的去模糊成果，以提升模糊影像的影像品質。獲得去模糊影像後，可對此影像中的礫石進行人工圈選，藉由水下的比例尺獲得粒徑分佈曲線，以了解水下礫石粒徑資訊。
本研究並比較平均成果(模糊影像)、眾數成果與去模糊成果之優劣，其成果顯示去模糊成果，不管是在影像品質或是人工辨識出的粒徑分佈曲線上表現皆較為突出，可有效且穩定的獲得水下礫石粒徑資訊提供使用者使用。

Underwater photography is useful for gathering physical information of the instream environment. Due to the wave actions at the water surface, taking high quality pictures in shallow water area (< 40 cm) is difficult. In addition, the use of underwater camera is impossible such environment.
In this thesis, a method of applying two Richardson-Lucy iterations performance on long-exposure through water image, which is constructed from continues photographs by mean-based filter, is proposed. The red point target with known physical size is placed on the river bottom at the time of image acquisition in order to obtain the combined point spread function due to the surface wave action and water media. Finally, a deblurred image is produced by an iterative scheme of Lucy-Richardson algorithm. The proposed method is effective for correcting the picture of underwater gravels in shallow water that are distorted by waves, and the particle size distribution can be calculated from the deblurred image to derive the gravel size information.
The comparison between the result of mean-based filter image(blurred image), mode-based filter image, and deblurred image is conducted. The result shows that the image quality and the particle size distribution of deblurred image is better, and the deblurred image is effective in deriving the underwater gravel.

經濟部水利署
Http://www/wra.gov.tw， 2012年4月28日

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