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研究生: 鄧雁中
Teng, Yen-Chung
論文名稱: 安·萊絲《夜訪吸血鬼》中流動性情慾和性別角色扮演
Sexual Fluidity and Gender Role-play in Anne Rice's Interview with the Vampire
指導教授: 林明澤
Lin, Min-Tser
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 文學院 - 外國語文學系
Department of Foreign Languages and Literature
論文出版年: 2022
畢業學年度: 110
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 74
中文關鍵詞: 安·萊絲性別角色《夜訪吸血鬼》情慾流動
外文關鍵詞: Anne Rice, gender role-play, Interview with the Vampire, sexuality, fluidity
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  • 本論文以女性主義角度來剖析安‧萊斯(Anne Rice) 的作品《夜訪吸血鬼》(Interview with the Vampire)中的性別與情慾流動的問題,且是透過當代性別理論概念來探討、分析。第一章討論到萊斯的人性化吸血鬼角色展現了慾望流動的想像。吸血鬼雖然在經歷被吸血的轉變過程之後便失去性功能,然而承接吸血鬼研究中將怪物吸血的本性以及慾望做為性的隱喻,以及小說中在吸血場景裡大量感官刺激、接近情色的描繪,吸血鬼角色展現了同性、異性、或者是雙性戀的情慾流動。此外,萊絲所刻劃的人性化吸血鬼角色們之間的情感連結、互動,尤其是主角路易(Louis)與其他幾個角色如吸血鬼列斯達(Lestat)、克勞蒂雅(Claudia)、阿蒙(Armand)以及人類芭比特(Babette)所建立的情感連結也能彰顯吸血鬼間不分性別的慾望流動。
    第二章則分析從路易、列斯達和克勞蒂雅所組成的吸血鬼家庭其複雜以及曖昧難以定義的關係,還有性別角色的扮演,動搖了異性戀和核心家庭固化的傳統性別角色。然而,男性吸血鬼角色如路易是一個被陰性化的男吸血鬼,事實上扮演傳統母親的角色,而相對列斯達便是傳統家庭中的父親角色,一方面這似乎是顛覆父權結構的同性戀家庭,另一方面,這似乎只是異性戀家庭結構的再現。某種程度上,萊斯的吸血鬼是雌雄同體的,小說透過吸血鬼的流動情慾以及性別角色扮演在某種程度上動搖了男性/女性、和異性戀/同性戀的二元結構。
    《夜訪吸血鬼》的確反映出美國當代文化和社會的不穩定性以及流動性,也呼應了 1960 年代的女權運動以及對異性戀霸權的反動的遺緒。因此,即使安‧萊絲的吸血鬼敘事於40年後的今日來看顛覆性有所侷限,不過在當代文化脈絡中可看作對舊有父權社會結構的挑戰,以及異性戀架構下的性和性別的二元對立概念。

    The thesis discusses the issues of fluid sexuality and gender role-play in Anne Rice's Interview with the Vampire from a feminist perspective. The first chapter will discuss Rice's humanized vampire characters and their fluid sexuality through the theoretical concepts of gender politics developed since 1960s. Although vampires lose the genital sexual function after undergoing the transformation, the vampiric nature for drinking blood has been usually considered a metaphor of human sexuality in vampire studies. With lots of erotic and sensual depictions of the blood desire and consumption, the vampire characters in the novel show diverse situations of homosexuality, heterosexuality and bisexuality through the blood sucking scenes. In addition, Rice depicts emotional attachments and interactions among the humanized vampire characters, especially the protagonist Louis' relationship with several characters such as Lestat, Claudia, Armand, and the human female, Babette, simultaneously highlighting the vampire's fluidity of desire, which is not limited by gender.
    The second chapter discusses the complex relationships in the vampire family made up with Louis, Lestat, and Claudia, and the vampires’ gender role-play, which challenge the traditional gender roles in the heterosexual nuclear family. A male vampire character such as Louis is a feminized male vampire who actually plays the role of a traditional mother, while Lestat plays the father’s role in a traditional family. On the one hand, this vampire family seems to be a reproduction of the heterosexual family structure. However, in a way, Rice's vampires are androgynous, and the novel destabilizes the male and female, heterosexual and homosexual binary oppositions to a certain extent through the vampire's display of fluid sexuality and gender role-play.
    Interviews with the Vampires indeed reflects the instability and fluidity of the contemporary American culture and society, echoing the feminist movement of the 1960s and the reaction against the heterosexual hegemony. Thus, even though Anne Rice's vampire narrative still has its limitations in terms of subversiveness, when it was published 40 years later, it could be considered a challenge to the patriarchal order as well as to the binary oppositions of male and female in traditional heterosexual hegemony.

    Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Sympathetic Vampire 3 Vampirism as Metaphor 9 Definition About Sexuality and Gender (sex) 15 Theory About Sexuality and Gender 17 Chapter 2 Vampire’s Fluid Sexuality 22 Homosexuality 30 Heterosexuality 41 Chapter 3 Vampires’ Gender Role-play 51 Vampire Family 51 Gender Role: Masculinity and Femininity 61 Conclusion 65 Works Cited 71

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