全球正面臨著由人類造成的全球暖化問題，對此科學研究者日益專注於尋找如何應對環境危機的方法，其中神經科學可提供另一視角審視此議題。本研究以Brevers等 (2021)的研究做為參考與延伸，部分修改實驗設計外，也增加了過去與永續行為相關的模擬，從而進行比較及擴展其研究發現。本研究透過讓參與者接觸永續行為相關的圖片，要求他們進行過去或未來的模擬想像，而後給予評分以表圖片內該行為的頻率。結果顯示實驗參與者過去對永續和非永續環保行為沒有特別偏好，但將來更傾向於採取永續行為，並能清晰辨識符合社會期望的行為。功能性磁振造影結果顯示，在實驗參與者模擬未來少做非永續環保行為時，右側背外側前額葉皮質有較高的活動，且與左側海馬迴及顳中迴的活動呈負相關，與Brevers等 (2021) 的研究發現類似。而在模擬未來增加永續環保行為時，腹內側前額葉的反應卻低於基準值。另外，透過基於連結組預測模型與全腦搜尋光式多元體素型態分析兩種方法，發現相同的腦區在特定的分類中發揮重要的作用。例如：在永續與非永續環保者分類中，右側後扣帶迴以及右側背外側前額葉皮質，分別在未來與過去條件下扮演重要角色。此外，發現右側腦島在查看永續或非永續環保事物的分類中起到重要的作用。分類研究發現與情緒相關的多個腦區參與其中，揭示了人們在評價環境的價值時，會受到情感所影響。本研究揭露了一系列與永續環保有關的腦區，發現了永續和非永續環保者大腦活動的差異，為瞭解永續環保背後的大腦機制邁出一步。

This study builds upon and expands the work of Brevers et al. (2021) by modifying and extending the experimental design to include simulations of past and future sustainable behaviors. The results indicate that participants are inclined to adopt more sustainable actions in future simulations and are able to recognize behaviors that align with societal expectations. Our fMRI findings show that when a reduction is simulated in unsustainable behaviors, there is increased activity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which negatively correlates with activity in the left hippocampus and middle temporal gyrus, mirroring previous studies. Additionally, using connectome-based predictive modeling and whole-brain searchlight multivoxel pattern analysis, key brain regions are identified as significant in classification, revealing the impact of emotions on the evaluation of environmental behaviors. This provides new insights into the neural mechanisms behind sustainable actions.

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