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研究生：	陳彥廷 Chen, Yen-Ting
論文名稱：	高科技廠房基礎板於多點地震作用下之性能模擬與分析 Simulation and Analysis of Foundation Slab Effect on High-Tech Facilities under Multi-Point Seismic Excitation
指導教授：	朱聖浩 Ju, Shen-Haw
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2026
畢業學年度：	114
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	171
中文關鍵詞：	高科技廠房、多點地震、空間變異性、基礎板、幾何平均效應、人造地震波、反應譜相容、時間延遲模型
外文關鍵詞：	High-tech facilities, Multi-point seismic excitation, Spatial variability, Foundation slab, Geometric averaging effect, Artificial ground motion, Spectrum-compatible, Time-delay model
相關次數：	點閱：28 下載：0
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高科技廠房通常具有大跨度結構與大面積基礎板的特性，且製程設備對微振動極為敏感。傳統建築耐震設計多假設基礎受一致性地表震動作用，然而對於佔地廣闊的廠房而言，忽略地震波在空間傳遞中的相位延遲與變異性（空間變異性），可能導致未能準確預測結構的真實動力反應。此外，大尺寸基礎板本身具備的幾何平均效應 (Geometric Averaging Effect) 對高頻地震波具有濾波作用，此特性在傳統設計中常被忽略。
本研究旨在建立一套適用於高科技廠房的多點地震模擬架構，並探討大尺寸基礎板的減震效益。首先，研究基於設計反應譜，比較了 Park、Kaul 與 Cacciola 三種將反應譜轉換為功率頻譜密度函數 (PSD) 的方法；結果顯示 Cacciola 方法在不同阻尼比下具有最佳的穩定性。接著，本研究結合譜表現法 (Spectral Representation Method) 與 Harichandran-Vanmarcke 空間相關性模型，開發出具備空間相干性的多點人造地震波生成程式，並導入 OpenMP 平行運算技術優化執行效率。
在地震波場模擬方面，本研究發現僅考慮空間相干性會導致結構產生不合理的「虛擬剛體運動 (Pseudo-Rigid Body Motion)」，因此進一步導入時間延遲模型 (Time-Delay Model) 以模擬真實的行進波效應 (Wave Passage Effect)，並採用雙層網格策略 (Two-Tier Grid Strategy) 解決大尺度有限元素分析的計算瓶頸。
透過三維有限元素法 (FEM) 進行參數化分析，研究證實了在考慮行進波效應後，大尺寸基礎板能顯著過濾短週期的地震加速度能量，其減震效益主要取決於基礎板尺寸與土壤波長比值 (𝑎0)。最後，本研究提出了考量基礎板濾波效應的地震力折減係數經驗公式 (𝑅𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 ) 與針對大尺寸基礎板之保守放大係數(𝐴 )，可作為高科技廠房在初步耐震設計與評估設備振動時的重要參考依據。
值得注意的是，一般建築物之基礎尺寸通常受用地與結構配置限制，難以達到足以產生顯著地震折減效果之規模；然而，若能於一般建築物中透過連續地下室或整合式大型基礎板設計，使基礎系統具備類似大尺度基礎板之幾何特性，則有潛力有效降低建築物所承受之地震力，提升整體耐震表現。

High-tech facilities typically feature large-span structures and extensive foundation slabs, housing manufacturing equipment that is extremely sensitive to micro-vibrations. Traditional seismic design often assumes that the foundation is subjected to uniform ground motion. However, for facilities with large footprints, neglecting the phase delay and variability (spatial variability) of seismic waves as they propagate through space may lead to inaccurate predictions of the structure's true dynamic response. Furthermore, the Geometric Averaging Effect inherent to large-sized foundation slabs, which act as a filter for high-frequency seismic waves, is frequently overlooked in conventional design practices.
This study aims to establish a multi-point seismic simulation framework suitable for high-tech facilities and to investigate the vibration attenuation benefits of large foundation slabs. First, based on the design response spectrum, this study compares three methods—Park, Kaul, and Cacciola—for converting the response spectrum into a Power Spectral Density (PSD) function. The results indicate that the Cacciola method demonstrates the best stability across different damping ratios. Subsequently, combining the Spectral Representation Method with the Harichandran-Vanmarcke spatial coherence model, this study develops a program capable of generating spatially coherent multi-point artificial earthquake ground motions, utilizing OpenMP parallel computing technology to optimize execution efficiency.
Regarding seismic wave field simulation, this study found that considering spatial coherence alone leads to unreasonable "Pseudo-Rigid Body Motion" in the structure. Therefore, a Time-Delay Model was further introduced to simulate the realistic Wave Passage Effect, and a Two-Tier Grid Strategy was adopted to resolve computational bottlenecks in large-scale finite element analysis. Through parametric analysis using the three-dimensional Finite Element Method (FEM), this study confirms that when the Wave Passage Effect is considered, large foundation slabs can significantly filter out short-period seismic acceleration energy. This attenuation benefit primarily depends on the ratio of the foundation slab size to the soil wavelength (𝑎0). Finally, this study proposes an empirical seismic force reduction factor (𝑅slab) that accounts for the filtering effect of foundation slabs, together with a conservative amplification factor (𝐴) for large foundation slabs. These formulations provide an important reference for preliminary seismic design and equipment vibration assessment in high-tech facilities.
It should be noted that the foundation dimensions of conventional buildings are typically insufficient to achieve significant seismic reduction effects. However, if large, continuous foundation slabs—such as interconnected basement systems—can be implemented not only in high-tech facilities but also in ordinary buildings, the transmitted seismic forces may be substantially reduced, thereby enhancing overall seismic performance.

摘要  I
Abstract III
Acknowledgment  V
Contents  VI
List of Tables  X
List of Figures  X
Chapter 1 Introduction  1
1 Background and Purpose  1
2 Literature Review 3
2.1 Structure and Functionality of High-Tech Facilities  3
2.2 Micro-Vibration Environment and Control in High-Tech Facilities  5
2.3 Vibration Isolation and Seismic Mitigation Techniques  7
2.4 Stochastic Simulation of Earthquake Ground Motions  9
2.5 Spatial Variation and Multi-Point Excitation Theory  11
2.6 Research on Large Foundation Slab  14
3 Overview  17
Chapter 2 Relationship Between Response Spectrum and Power Spectral Density  19
1 Design Response Spectrum as the Earthquake Simulation Standard  19
2 Challenges in Converting Response Spectrum to PSD  20
3 Conversion Method from Response Spectrum to PSD Function  21
3.1 The Park Method  22
3.2 The Kaul Method  25
3.3 The Cacciola Method  25
4 Comparison Among Different Methods  27
Chapter 3 Simulation of Spatially Varying Ground Motions  36
1 Theoretical Framework  36
1.1 Ground Motion Simulation Procedure  37
2 Implementation and Program Usage  43
2.1 Overall Program Structure  43
2.2 Input Parameters and File Format  46
2.3 Example: Spectrum-Compatible Ground Motion (Single-Point)  50
2.4 Example: Multi-Point Spatially Correlated Ground Motions  52
3 Influence of Iteration Number on Spectrum Accuracy  55
Chapter 4 Reduction of Vibrations due to Foundation Slabs―Method Review  57
1 Background and Motivation for Slab Based Vibration Reduction  57
2 Theoretical Framework for Slab-Induced Vibration Reduction  58
2.1 One-Third Octave Analysis and Vibration Metrics  58
2.2 Rigid Slab Averaging Mechanism  59
2.3 Normalized Geometric and Material Parameters  59
3 Numerical Modeling Approach in the Reference Study  60
3.1 Finite Element Model Configuration  60
3.2 Excitation and Loading Conditions  60
3.3 Parametric Study Design  60
3.4 Evaluation Metrics  61
4 Numerical Results and Empirical Reduction Formulas  61
4.1 Horizontal Vibration Reduction  62
4.2 Vertical Vibration Reduction  63
4.3 Interpretation and Implications  64
5 Experimental Validation  64
5.1 Test Site and Instrumentation  65
5.2 Observed Reduction Trends  66
5.3 Consistency with Empirical Formulas  67
6 Adaptation of the Slab Reduction Model to Seismic Excitation  69
6.1 Reinterpretation Using Acceleration Data  69
6.2 Application for Broadband Earthquake Ground Motions  70
6.3 Application Result of the Seismic Reduction Method  71
6.4 Influence of Slab Dimensions on Spectral Reduction  73
6.5 Relevance to the Present Study  74
7 Conclusion  75
Chapter 5 Seismic Response Analysis under Spatially Varying Ground Motions  77
1 Finite Element Modeling Strategy  77
1.1 Program Used in the Study  77
1.2 Modeling Assumptions and Domain Configuration  78
1.3 Material Properties  78
1.4 Mesh Generation and Element Types  79
1.5 Boundary Conditions  80
2 Efficient Strategy for Spatially Varying Seismic Field  80
2.1 Definition of Macro-Control Grid  80
2.2 Wave Field Interpolation via Shape Function  81
2.3 Newton-Raphson Method  82
3 Discussion and Limitations of Simulation Results  83
3.1 Observation of Simulation Results  83
3.2 Analysis of Mechanism  85
3.3 Strategy for Improvement  88
4 Concluding Remarks  88
Chapter 6 Modified Model for Seismic Reduction Analysis  90
1 Mechanism of Time-Shift Seismic Input  90
2 Response Analysis using Time-Delay Model  90
2.1 Visualization of Wave Propagation  90
2.2 Comparison of Acceleration Time History  92
2.3 Discrepancies Between Simulation Result and Empirical Formula  94
3 Simulation Deficiencies and Parameter Correction  95
3.1 Initial Simulation Results and Observation of Parameter Sensitivity  95
3.2 Validation of Simulation Results after Parameter Modification  97
4 Summary  110
Chapter 7 Conclusion and Future Work  111
1 Conclusion  111
2 Future Work  113
References  116
                                    

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