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研究生： 呂健生
Lu, Chien-Sheng
論文名稱： 鑄造與SLM Inconel 713鎳合金顯微組織及材料應用特性研究
A Study on Casting and SLM Inconel 713 Alloy in Microstructure and Application Properties
指導教授： 洪飛義
Hung, Fei-Yi
呂傳盛
Lui, Truan-Sheng
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 材料科學及工程學系
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年： 2021
畢業學年度： 109
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 86
中文關鍵詞： 鎳合金 、積層製造 、熱處理 、機械性質 、高溫氧化 、沖蝕磨耗 、疲勞
外文關鍵詞： Inconel 713, Nickel-based alloy, Selective laser melting, Mechanical properties, Erosion wear, Fatigue
相關次數： 點閱：186  下載：0 
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    • 由於Inconel 713C具高強度、良好熱穩定性及優越抗氧化及腐蝕能力等特點，是經常被使用在航太及能源工業上的鎳基超合金材料。傳統Inconel 713C以鑄造方式成型，但內部缺陷會影響其機械性質及應用特性，且熱處理後其微觀組織並無明顯變化，因此以新穎成型技術改善微觀組織與機械性質。本研究以積層製造(SLM)及鑄造 Inconel 713為實驗材料，分別比較其熱處理前後微觀組織、相組成及機械性質差異，而後再針對表現較好的SLM原材與鑄造原材做高溫氧化特性、耐沖蝕磨耗性及疲勞壽命等應用特性調查。研究結果顯示，鑄造材金相呈現樹枝狀晶形貌，SLM材則是長軸柱狀晶，兩者有完全不同微觀組織特徵。經熱處理後，鑄造材微觀組織無明顯改變，而SLM材則有晶粒成長粗大化現象。機械性質方面，兩者硬度相差不大，鑄造材延性略高於SLM材，強度則較低。然而在熱處理過後，鑄造材機械性質有些微的提升，而SLM材則發生脆化現象。在高溫氧化探討上，以XRD相分析，鑄造材沒有明顯峰值產生，而SLM材則發生相變態，有新氧化相生成，接著透過SEM進行表面微觀組織觀察以及FIB縱深微結構元素分析，確認鑄造材及SLM材皆有明顯的氧化分層結構，導致材料的結晶度降低。在沖蝕磨耗及疲勞壽命部分，SLM材在所有角度及荷重下均優於鑄造材。此外，固溶熱處理SLM材γ'強化相集中於晶界析出，加上織構效應，拉伸時易發生脆斷並造成延性大幅度降低。儘管如此，未經熱處理的SLM Inconel 713仍擁有較鑄造材優良之強度與耐沖蝕及疲勞阻抗等應用特性，足以取代傳統鑄造材應用於相關工程領域。

    Inconel 713C is a nickel-based alloy with high strength, good thermal stability, and superior corrosion resistance. In this study, the high temperature tensile and oxidation characteristics, particle erosion properties and fatigue life of Casting and SLM Inconel 713 alloys are investigated. The experimental results show that Casting and SLM materials have obvious oxidation layered structure after exposing at high temperature (600°C) for 24 hours. After XRD and FIB depth analysis, it can be confirmed that the upper layer of the oxide phases is Ni-Cr mixed oxide (Cr(Ni)O2) and the lower layer is Al2O3 which can decrease the crystallinity of materials. In terms of particle erosion wear and fatigue life, SLM is better than Casting material at all angles and loads. In addition, the γ' strengthening phase precipitates on the grain boundaries of solution heat-treated (1200°C/2h) SLM Inconel 713 which significantly reduces the elongation of the material and causes the tensile embrittlement. The solution heat treatment brings the deterioration of mechanical properties to SLM Inconel 713.

    中文摘要 I Abstract III 誌謝 XI 總目錄 XII 表目錄 XVI 圖目錄 XVII 第一章 前言 1 第二章 文獻回顧 3 2-1 鑄造技術 3 2-1-1 鑄造技術簡介 3 2-1-2 現代鑄造方法分類 3 2-1-3 精密陶瓷模鑄造技術 4 2-2 積層製造技術 5 2-2-1 積層製造技術簡介 5 2-2-2 積層製造技術分類 6 2-2-3 選擇性雷射熔融技術 7 2-3 鎳合金 7 2-3-1 鎳合金簡介 7 2-3-2 鎳合金分類方式及元素添加效應 8 2-3-3 Inconel 713C合金特性 10 2-4 熱處理程序 11 2-5 機械性質 11 2-6 高溫拉伸 12 2-7 顆粒沖蝕磨耗行為 13 2-8 疲勞特性 14 2-9 研究目的與動機 15 第三章 實驗步驟與方法 20 3-1 實驗流程概述 20 3-2 實驗材料組成與試片製備方法 20 3-3 微觀組織觀察與相組成分析 21 3-3-1 金相組織分析 21 3-3-2 XRD繞射光譜相分析 22 3-3-3 EPMA成份分析 22 3-3-4 TEM顯微結構分析 22 3-4 機械性質分析 23 3-4-1 硬度測試 (HRC) 23 3-4-2 常溫拉伸測試 23 3-5 高溫性質分析 24 3-5-1 高溫拉伸測試 24 3-5-2 高溫氧化分析 24 3-6 顆粒沖蝕磨耗性質分析 25 3-7 旋轉疲勞特性分析 26 第四章 結果與討論 35 4-1 微觀組織特性與相解析 35 4-1-1 金相微觀組織觀察 35 4-1-2 XRD繞射光譜相分析 36 4-1-3 EPMA成份分析 37 4-1-4 TEM顯微結構分析 37 4-2 機械性質探討 38 4-2-1 硬度分析 38 4-2-2 常溫拉伸性質分析 38 4-3 高溫特性及氧化性質探討 39 4-3-1 高溫拉伸性質解析 39 4-3-2 高溫氧化性質解析 40 4-4 顆粒沖蝕磨耗性質探討 43 4-4-1 沖蝕磨耗特性及破壞機制 43 4-4-2 沖蝕磨耗誘發相變態行為 44 4-5 旋轉疲勞性質分析 45 4-5-1 疲勞特性及S-N曲線 45 4-5-2 旋轉疲勞破壞解析 45 第五章 結論 79 參考文獻 81

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