由日常用品和室內裝潢的使用，包含於其中的化學物質可能隨之釋放於室內環境，並伴隨灰塵而散布在室內空間中。全氟烷基物質(perfluoroalkyl substances, PFAS)由於結構中碳氟鍵的獨特物化特性，常被作為界面活性劑而廣泛應用於生活用品與工業製程中進行表面處理，使PFAS可能存在於室內灰塵中而暴露於人體。本研究挑選屬於全氟烷基酸類(perfluoralkyl acids, PFAAs)的六種PFAS，其中有過去常被使用的三種長鏈PFAAs，包含全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA)、全氟辛烷磺酸(perfluoro-octane sulfonate, PFOS)和全氟壬酸(perfluorononanoic acid, PFNA)，以及近年來作為長鏈PFAAs替代品的三種短鏈PFAAs，包含全氟丁酸(perfluorobutyric acid, PFBA)、全氟己酸(perfluorohexanoic acid, PFHxA)和全氟己烷磺酸(perfluorohexane sulfonate, PFHxS)對室內灰塵進行調查，探討台灣室內灰塵中各PFAAs的濃度與分布情形，並尋找是否有足以代表整體濃度趨勢的主要物種，以利於可在資源有限時由較少之分析物種數目推估室內灰塵中受PFAAs污染之情形。並且為探討空間高度對灰塵中PFAAs之影響，挑選了來自冷氣濾網、立扇表面和地面的灰塵，分別代表室內高空(高離地度為3 m以上)、低空(離地高度為1 m以下0.25 m以上)和地面(離地高度為0 m)進行分析，且由於採樣空間包含有實驗室、辦公室、教室和住宅，因此亦探討不同類型的空間對於PFAAs整體濃度的影響，以及灰塵中的PFAAs對人體的暴露情形。此外，本研究亦分析灰塵之含水率、總有機碳含量和金屬元素濃度，以探討可能影響灰塵中PFAAs累積濃度的因子。
結果顯示，於高空(n=20)、低空(n=10)和地面(n=21)的灰塵樣品中，總PFAAs平均濃度分別為380.9±337.3、367.9±130.5和171.1±111.8 μg/kg dust dw，而於測定的6種PFAAs中皆以PFOS的濃度與檢出頻率最高，PFOS的平均濃度分別為251.6±190.5、286.6±133.5和53.7±57.0 μg/kg dust dw。包含上述51個灰塵樣品，以及另外於與教室空調濾網位置相近的吊扇採集的4個灰塵樣品，總PFAAs和PFOS之Pearson相關係數為0.845，顯示PFOS為檢測的PFAAs中的主要物種，當資源有限時可藉由分析PFOS之濃度辦別灰塵中受PFAAs之污染程度。而由平均值亦可發現高空與低空的灰塵濃度相似，皆可用於表示懸浮的PFAAs污染情形與對於成年人的暴露情況，其中依高空灰塵中各PFAAs的平均濃度計算，對體重約60 kg以上的成人而言，不論每日灰塵攝入量在一般暴露或高暴露的情況下，若每日於實驗室或辦公室活動8小時，通過灰塵對PFAAs攝取率皆低於0.05 ng/kg b.w./day，危險商數皆遠低於1，顯示若單透過灰塵攝取PFAAs對成人的不具危害。而由4種不同類型空間中發現選定的6種PFAAs平均濃度多以實驗室最高而教室最低，於高空總濃度分別為761.8± 421.1和113.9±36.2 μg/kg dust dw，但並非6種PFAAs平均濃度皆有此趨勢，濃度分佈情形主要仍與空間內的活動類型和頻率有關。
另外，灰塵中累積的總PFAAs濃度與含水率僅於高空和低空灰塵中具有高度正相關，相關係數分別為0.760和0.713，於地面灰塵中則不相關；與總有機碳含量則僅在高空灰塵發現呈中度負相關，相關係數為-0.457，於低空和地面則不具相關性。而PFAAs與金屬元素之間，於高空灰塵中與鈹、鋇、鉻、錳和鋅呈高度正相關(r=0.749、0.778、0.782、0.728和0.710)，與鈉、鉀、鐵和鋁呈中度正相關(r=0.621、0.679、0.628和0.688)，與鎂、鈣、鍶、鎳、銅則不相關；於低空灰塵中，則與前述14種元素皆不相關；於地面則與鎳呈高度正相關(r=0.709)，與鈹、鈣、鉻、鋅、銅和鋁呈中度正相關(r=0.625、0.563、0.657、0.411、0.445和0.420)，與其他7種元素則皆不相關。

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are often used as surfactants due to the unique physical and chemical characteristics of the fluorocarbon bonds in the structure. They are also widely used in surface treatment for commercial purposes. Therefore, PFAS may exist in indoor dust and pose risk to the human body. In this study, in order to understand the concentration and distribution of various PFAS in indoor dust in Taiwan, six PFAS belonging to perfluoralkyl acids (PFAAs) (perfluorobutyric acid (PFBA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluoro-octane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)) were selected as the target compounds for investigation. The dust from the high space, low space and floor of different types of rooms , was collected to explore the effect of space height and type space on the concentration of PFAAs in the dust. Assess the adult risk of PFAAs concentration in dust and explore the factors that affect the cumulative concentration.

The results showed that the average concentration of total PFAAs in the dust of high space (n=20), low space (n=10) and floor (n=21) were 380.9±337.3, 367.9±130.5 and 171.1±111.8 μg/kg dust dw, respectively. Among six PFAAs investigated, PFOS was the main species, with the highest concentration (251.6±190.5, 286.6±133.5 and 53.7±57.0 μg/kg dust dw) and detection frequency. The PFAAs concentrations was similar in high space and low space which could be used to indicate the suspended PFAAs pollution situation and adult exposure. The concentration was highest in the laboratory and lowest in the classroom. Only ingesting PFAAs through indoor dust was not harmful to adults. The moisture content, beryllium, barium, chromium, manganese and zinc of high space dust, the moisture content of low space dust and the nickel of ground dust were highly positively correlated with the PFAAs accumulated in the dust (r>0.7).

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