美髮業這個職業是一項長時間待在室內且需要專業技術的工作，會受到工作壓力、不正當的工作姿勢、反覆持續性的身體動作以及暴露在易刺激皮膚和呼吸道的致敏性化學物質中，而導致美髮工作者職業傷病的發生。而於文獻中也很少探討到美髮業的骨骼肌肉傷害和呼吸系統疾病的盛行率以及其相關的危險因子。因此，本篇研究乃藉由橫斷性研究以探討美髮工作者累積性肌肉骨骼傷害與呼吸系統疾病之盛行率和相關危險因子。研究對象乃選取自南部的二家大型美髮連鎖店，共計有15家136位的美髮工作業者參加，而對照族群則選自南部學校的教職員生116位。經健康檢查中的肌肉骨骼理學檢查，以判定肌肉骨骼損傷；和肺功能測試，來了解呼吸道疾患。並利用「挪威肌肉骨骼傷害問卷調查表」問卷量測肌肉骨骼和成人呼吸問卷得知呼吸疾病暴露危險因子及了解呼吸道症狀。以及藉由Baseline Risk Identification of Ergonomic Factors (BRIEF人因工程因素基準線風險認定檢核表)，來檢核工作中肌肉骨骼損傷高危險因子。結果分析中，最後納入研究對象為61人，對照組群為64人。在肌肉骨骼方面發現，美髮工作者自述問卷中有較多酸和麻木的肌肉骨骼不適症狀。且經醫師診斷後，美髮工作者在網球肘(44.3%)、下背痛(60.7%)這些項目中，佔有相當高的罹病率，和教職員生的罹病率，在統計上有顯著的意義(p<0.02)。在呼吸道部分，教職員生自述呼吸道症狀，在經常咳嗽(P<0.018)、咳嗽超過3個月(P<0.006)的部份高於美髮工作者。美髮工作者在肺功能測量值中， FVC (%pred)、FEV1 (%pred) 、 FEV1 %(%pred) 皆優於教職員生，其中FVC (%pred)在二組間的差異有達統計上顯著的意義(P<0.007)。因礙於健康員工效應，而使此次研究美髮工作者沒有呼吸道不適的情形。

　Hairdressers belong to an occupational group whose working characteristics are affected by several adverse factors, such as work-related stress, poor work posture, repetitive work tasks, and exposure to sensitizing chemical agents that irritate the respiratory tract and the skin. However, the prevalences of musculoskeletal disorders and respiratory symptoms are still under investigation. We propose to conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the prevalences of musculoskeletal disorders and respiratory symptoms and disease-related risk factors among hairdressers in Tainan and Kaohsiung. Full-time female hairdressers of 15 hair salon and volunteers were recruited from Tainan and Kaohsiung City during July 2004 to October 2004. Questionnaires were used for collecting factors about allergy, respiratory symptoms and Nordic musculoskeletal symptoms in the past 12 months. Musculoskeletal disorders were diagnosed by a physician. Baseline Risk Identification of Ergonomic Factors (BRIEF) were used to determine the risk factors of musculoskeletal diseases of the hair salon. Hairdresser reported high prevalence of soreness (86.9%) and pain (41.0%). By physician examination – low back pain (66.7%), and lateral epicondylitis (42.3%) were found to be more prevalent among hairdressers than control. Lung function tests and self-reported musculoskeletal discomfort were not different between hairdressers and the control group. BRIEF evaluation was compared with clinical musculoskeletal conditions and high risk scores in hand and wrist were associated with carpal tunnel syndrome. We conclude that hairdressers had higher prevaleuce of low back pain and lateral epicondylitis. Reapiratory symptoms and lung function were not worse in hairdressers as compared to control.

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