隨著全球暖化日益嚴重，各國都努力設法降低碳排放量，以減緩全球暖化的速度，而歐洲與美國甚至開始徵收碳稅。聯合國氣候變化大會指出，建築產業的碳排放量高達37%，其中又以建材生產階段產生的碳排最多。因此，本研究針對腹板開孔鋼梁進行設計分析研究，以期減少整體用鋼量。具體而言，本研究首先根據文獻彙整出一套腹板多重圓形開孔鋼梁之結構設計與檢核流程，再搭配有限元素分析與文獻實驗進行驗證，之後考慮不同開孔數量與尺寸的鋼梁，以建築中的小梁與大梁為設計目標，對用途為倉庫的載重進行檢核，最後分析大梁常溫可受的極限載重。由於鋼結構在火場中的強度會急遽下降，因此針對上述各種案例以有限元素分析進行定溫加載與定載加溫測試並加上防火漆，探討不同案例在火場中的破壞模式與有無防火漆的差異。結果顯示，撓度的理論公式僅限於彈性分析，當鋼梁進入非線性段，以有限元素分析較為準確。對於腹板開孔鋼梁的撓度檢核，建議理論公式用的斷面積與面積二次矩可依照開孔數進行修正，並考慮剪切變形之影響。鋼梁之破壞位置主要隨載重形式與開孔方式而不同，但不受環境溫度所影響。針對腹板開孔鋼梁，集中載重作用下鋼梁最大承載能力應以開孔間腹板挫屈與否決定，而非規範規定的最大撓度所控制。另外，開孔與否對大梁耐火時間影響有限，但其破壞模式會由支承破壞變成開孔間腹板挫屈 (WPB) 破壞。應力比高的小梁耐火時間較短，故火災時主要由大梁維持結構穩定。無論腹板開孔與否，防火漆均能延長鋼梁達到臨界溫度的時間，且皆能到達規範要求之最長防火時效3小時。

Based on the results of literature review, this study first proposed a design procedure for steel beams with multiple circular web-openings. The study then validated the design procedure by finite element analysis (FEA) and compared the simulated results with test data. The load capacity was also analyzed for steel beams with different numbers and sizes of circular web-openings and at normal temperature. Furthermore, case study analyses were made to study the load capacity and failure modes of the girders and beams at different heating temperate and the changes in fire resistance without and with fireproof paint.
The results show that the failure modes of the steel girders and beams may vary with the loading conditions and web-opening configuration, and can hardly change with the heating temperature. Under a concentrated load, the load capacity of the girders should be determined by the web buckling between the openings (WPB), rather than being controlled by the maximum deflection specified by the fire-protection design standard. Moreover, web openings may have a limited impact on the fire-resistance, but can change the failure mode from the stress concentration at the supports to the WPB. Fireproof paint can increase the time to reach the critical temperature, and may cause the steel girders and beams to have the maximum 3-hour fire-resistance, as required by the standards.

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