子宮內膜異位症好發於育齡期婦女，疼痛、焦慮、睡眠不良及A型人格的表現是病人臨床常見之主訴，長久以來導致生活品質低落。因此，本研究目的為探討子宮內膜異位症婦女之生活品質及其相關影響因素，並以非子宮內膜異位症婦女為對照組比較相關影響因素，如：疼痛、焦慮、睡眠品質、A型人格對生活品質之影響。
本研究次級資料庫之分析，採橫斷式、描述性及相關性之研究設計，原始資料計畫為「褪黑激素與睡眠、壓力和子宮內膜異位症之相關聯性研究」，資料收集對象為18-45歲經腹腔鏡診斷為子宮內膜異位症之婦女，以「疼痛量表」測量骨盆腔疼痛程度、「情境焦慮量表」測量婦女的焦慮程度、「匹茲堡睡眠品質量表」測量婦女的睡眠品質、「A型人格量表」測量婦女是否具有A型人格及「SF-36生活品質量表」測量婦女八大面項之生活品質。本研究資料含56名子宮內膜異位症婦女，以40名非子宮內膜異位症者作為對照組。研究結果發現子宮內膜異位症婦女之疼痛程度大於無子宮內膜異位症婦女；在各層面及整體生活品質的比較，子宮內膜異位症婦女之活力與身體疼痛構面及整體生活品質得分皆低於非子宮內膜異位症者。在子宮內膜異位症婦女生活品質，子宮內膜異位症者之焦慮、睡眠品質及A型人格與整體生活品質呈負相關，而疼痛程度僅與身體疼痛構面有負相關。子宮內膜異位症婦女之焦慮、年紀及月經週期可預測其整體生活品質，而子宮內膜異位症之疼痛、焦慮、睡眠品質及A型人格、年紀及身體質量指數分別可預測不同構面之生活品質。因此，評估子宮內膜異位症婦女之疼痛、焦慮程度、睡眠品質及A型人格宜納入常規的照護中，以給予適當的介入措施，減輕子宮內膜異位症婦女之不適情形，提升生活品質。

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease childbearing age women. Severity of the endometriosis may affect women’s quality of life. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among quality of life and related factors, such as pain, anxiety, sleep quality, and type A personality, in women with endometriosis.
This study was the secondary data analysis. The original database was from a research project “Melatonin, sleep, stress and endometriosis correlation study”. Four instruments, State Anxiety Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Type A Personality Scale, the Short-Form-36 Health Survey, were used to assess the severity of pain, anxiety, sleep quality, type A personality, and quality of life respectively. Subjects were divided into two groups. Fifty-six women with endometriosis were in one group, and 40 participants without endometriosis were served as the comparison group.
Results of the study showed that women with endometriosis felt more painful than those in the non-endometriosis group. Women in the endometriosis group also demonstrated lower scores of quality of life in comparison with those in the non-endometriosis group. Quality of life in women with endometriosis was negatively related to physical pain, anxiety, age and menstrual cycles. Levels of pain, anxiety, sleep quality, and type A personality, age and BMI were the predictors of endometriosis women’s quality of life. In conclusion, health care professionals need to assess the level of pain, anxiety, sleep quality, and type A personality to implement interventions to promote the quality of life for women diagnosed as endometriosis.

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