建築物受強震作用下，RC結構構件產生裂縫、鋼結構構件達到降伏以及柱端產生脆性破壞，皆會降低整體結構的勁度，進而影響建築物安全。欲有效地對建築物進行損壞程度與位置的判別，則需對建築物進行動態參數的識別，其中以基本振動週期的識別精度最佳，但此參數只能顯示損壞程度；藉由樓層勁度與剛心位置的識別，可判別損壞程度與位置。本研究以時間域的非線性迴歸分析方法分段識別樓層勁度與剛心位置，在完全量測且雜訊介入的情況下，樓層勁度於強動階段能反應出時變歷時的特性。最後以一棟實際建築物的量測資料，驗證本文之識別方法確實可應用於結構物的樓層勁度與剛心位置的識別，並且利用樓層勁度與剛心位置的識別結果進行損壞程度與損壞位置的評估。

When a building is subjected to a strong earthquake excitation, the yielding of structural elements and the brittle damage at column ends may cause the reduction of structural stiffness and then the instability of structural system. In order for effectively evaluating the level and location of damage, a system identification technique would be applied to buildings with measured data. The identified fundamental vibration period is the most accurate parameter among all the dynamic parameters of a structural system. However, such an identified value is valid only in judging the level of damage. It is the necessary to identify the variation of story stiffness and the movement of rigid center for locating the damage. A nonlinear regression analysis is performed in this study to identify the story stiffness and the location of rigid center for several moving time windows. It is shown that the identified results are almost identical to the exact ones for the cases of complete measurement without noise, in spite of where and how the damage is pre-assumed. When noises are added to the input and output data, the identified results in the strong-motion regions are also good enough to show the variation of story stiffness. Finally, our method is used to identify the story stiffness and the location of rigid center and then to evaluate the location and level of damage for a true building with recorded seismic data.

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