選擇性雷射熔融技術(Selective laser melting，SLM)是一種積層製造(AM) 技術，利用高能量的雷射束作為熱源將金屬粉末逐層熔融和固化，最終形成三 維結構。與傳統的熔融和鑄造技術不同，通過適當的表面改性，它可以增強表 面的生物活性，幫助骨組織與植入材料的結合，同時也防止細菌附著和植入相 關感染。本實驗採用兩種不同的電解質(硝酸銀和納米銀)，利用微弧氧化技 術在 SLM 鈦表面製備多孔氧化物塗層，旨在研究這兩種電解質產生的氧化物 塗層的物理化學特性，生物活性及抗菌性。掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)結果表明， 隨著電壓的增加，火山孔孔徑變大，孔洞數目減低，這也導致接觸角降低，表 面粗糙度增大。X 射線衍射(XRD)結果顯示，微弧氧化塗層由氧化鈦組成， 包括金紅石和銳鈦礦相，以及 CaP 化合物的存在，這有助於骨組織與塗層的結 合。提高銀的添加濃度時，X 射線光電子能譜(XPS)結果顯示，硝酸銀組別 達到 1.78 at.%，奈米銀的組別達到 1.31 at.%，這對後續的抗菌研究表現有益。 抗菌結果顯示，添加 1.5 mM 硝酸銀組別達到 60%的抗菌性，添加 1.5 mM 奈 米銀組別則略低於硝酸銀 1.5 mM 組別，然而，在細胞活性結果顯，添加 1.5 mM 銀含量的組別細胞活性大幅降低，這些結果表明，銀雖然可以提高抗菌能 力，但也會大幅降低細胞活性，然而，在低濃度硝酸銀和奈米銀的組別皆有良 好的細胞活性，抗菌性也趨近於 50%，這是助於骨組織與塗層的結合;硝酸銀 和納米銀都嵌入在塗層中，這也有利於抗菌性能。

Selective Laser Melting is an AM technology that utilizes a high-energy laser beam as a heat source to selectively melt and solidify metal powder layer by layer, ultimately forming a three-dimensional structure. Unlike traditional melting and casting techniques, SLM can enhance surface bioactivity through appropriate surface modification, aiding the integration of bone tissue with implant materials while also preventing bacterial adhesion and implant-related infections. In this experiment, porous oxide coatings were prepared on SLM titanium surfaces using micro-arc oxidation technology with two different electrolytes (silver nitrate and nano-silver). The study aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties, bioactivity, and antibacterial properties of the oxide coatings produced by these two electrolytes. SEM results indicated that as the voltage increased, the pore size of the volcanic pores enlarged, and the number of pores decreased, leading to a reduction in contact angle and an increase in surface roughness. XRD results showed that the micro arc oxidation coatings were composed of titanium oxide, including rutile and anatase phases, as well as the presence of CaP compounds, which contribute to the integration of bone tissue with the coating. When the concentration of silver was increased, XPS results revealed that the silver nitrate group reached 1.78 at.%, while the nano-silver group reached 1.31 at.%, which is beneficial for subsequent antibacterial studies. Antibacterial results showed that the group with 1.5 mM silver nitrate achieved 60% antibacterial efficacy, while the 1.5 mM nano silver group was slightly lower than the 1.5 mM silver nitrate group. However, cell viability results indicated a significant decrease in cell viability in the group with 1.5 mM silver content. These findings suggest that while silver can enhance antibacterial properties, it also significantly reduces cell viability. Nevertheless, the groups with low concentrations of silver nitrate and nano silver exhibited good cell viability and antibacterial efficacy close to 50%, which is conducive to the integration of bone tissue with the coating. Both silver nitrate and nano silver were embedded in the coating, which also contributes to antibacterial performance.

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