近三十載在結構抗震的研發，主動、被動及半主動控制之理論及驗證儼然已形成一新興之科學學門－「結構控制」，而結構控制在工程上之應用亦已於世界各地發揮作用。其中，磁流變阻尼器（magnetorheological damper 簡稱為 MR damper）是一種受人矚目的半主動裝置，其因內含磁流變液（magnetorheological fluid）而具可控性。磁流變液是一種可隨外加磁場強弱，快速改變黏稠度的流體，可以在自由流體、黏滯性流體及半固體間作可逆變化。而由於磁流變阻尼器兼具穩定、低耗電、構造單純及出力範圍大等優點，所以被認為是一種可有效抵抗強震或強風之控制元件。
本文透過對磁流變阻尼器之設計、製作及測試，來瞭解磁流變阻尼器之特性。文中，除對磁流變液之配方、黏度試驗及其結果詳加介紹，磁流變阻尼器之內部構造及功能測試結果亦以照片及圖表加以說明。此外，本文採用Bouc-Wen model之改良數學模型來建立磁流變阻尼器之力量－位移及複雜的力量－速度關係。
結構安裝磁流變阻尼器並採用模糊控制法則之數值模擬結果顯示，結構安裝磁流變阻尼器具有不錯之減震效果，然而採用模糊控制最常被詬病之處為法則之未最佳化處理，本文乃運用基因演算法依安全、舒適及經濟等考量因子將模糊控制法則演算至最佳組合，而由分析結果顯示，最佳化之模糊控制法則明顯提升了減震的效果。
質量調諧阻尼器（tuned mass damper 簡稱 TMD）是一種在世界各大樓中廣泛被應用之減震裝置，其減震之原理是將阻尼器之振動頻率設計成與主結構第一振動頻率相近，當主結構受外力擺動時，阻尼器之質量塊因共振原理隨之擺盪以改變（減小）主結構之震幅。然TMD僅隨主結構第一振頻擺盪，對於具第二振頻反應明顯之高樓，難免會令人擔憂有其減震效用不足之問題。本文嘗試以磁流變阻尼器對一含TMD之結構進行補強分析。由數值模擬結果可知，TMD確實可以降低主結構反應，然而，經磁流變阻尼器補強後之TMD系統，更可進一步地提升結構在位移及加速度之減震效果。
本篇論文的目的在對磁流變阻尼器作一系列探討，包括磁流變液及磁流變阻尼器之製作及測試、磁流變阻尼器數學模型之建立、磁流變阻尼器於結構控制上之設計及補強案例分析還有控制法則採用之探討…等。藉由本篇論文的完成，冀能加快磁流變阻尼器於結構減震之應用。

Over the past three decades, the applications of structural controls for seismic hazard mitigation have been paid close attention to, with many innovative ideas proposed and new control devices designed, including the active, passive and semi-active. These systems usually employ supplemental damping devices to increase the energy dissipation capability of the protected structure. One of the most promising new devices proposed for structural protection is magnetorheological (MR) dampers. It is filled with MR fluid that can be changed, when exposed to a magnetic field, regularly from free flowing liquid, linear viscous one to semi-solid. Because of their mechanical simplicity, high dynamic range, low power requirements, large force capacity, and robustness, this class of devices has been shown to mesh well with application demands and constraints to offer an attractive means of protecting civil infrastructure systems against severe earthquake and wind loading.
In this dissertation, a fundamental understanding of the behavior of MR dampers has been researched and developed through the modeling, design and experimental verification of a MR damper. The manufacture, design and performance test details of MR fluid and MR damper are provided, and a phenomenological model based on the Bouc-Wen hysteresis model is adopted to predict both the force-displacement behavior and the complex nonlinear force-velocity response.
The design cases of seismic control using MR dampers on structures are investigated, but the applying of fuzzy control rules has always to deal with the classic problem of optimization. And due to the structural responses of analysis results, it can be confirmed that the reducing effects have an obviously improvement after an optimization by genetic algorithm.
The TMD system is usually designed to reduce the first mode vibration of structure or the resonance of some particular frequency. The MR damper is also chosen to reinforce the structural seismic resistance ability of the TMD system in this dissertation. In accordance with the simulation results, it can be shown that TMD can effectively reduce the response of the structure; however, it can provide further reducing effects with the reinforcement of the MR damper both in displacement and acceleration responses.
The studies reported in this dissertation are intended to provide insight into the behavior of MR dampers and their potential applications to structures. This work is expected to accelerate the implementation of these dampers in the areas of natural hazard protection and vibration mitigation in structures.

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