過去文獻已證實情緒對於多項認知功能的影響，但鮮少研究針對情緒對認知彈性的影響進行探討，且目前尚未歸納出一致的結果。因此，本研究透過觀看情緒影片的方式引發中性、正向與負向情緒，並配合使用作業轉換典範(task switching paradigm)檢驗認知彈性的多個指標，包含轉換虧損(switch cost)、一致性效果(congruency effect)、混合虧損(mixing cost)以及淡出效果(fadeout effect)，試圖釐清正負向情緒對認知彈性各層面的影響，以建立情緒對認知彈性的作用機制。研究結果發現在不一致的情況，負向情緒反應時間的轉換虧損小於中性情緒反應時間的轉換虧損；檢驗情緒對一致性效果的影響時，在不一致的情況，相較於中性情緒，負向情緒有較低的錯誤率；淡出效果的部分發現，相較於中性與正向情緒，負向情緒在反應時間上呈現較大的淡出效果；最後，混合虧損在反應時間與錯誤率皆未發現情緒間差異。本研究結果證實情緒會影響個體的認知彈性，包含個體進行任務轉換的能力、忽略無關任務規則的能力以及抽離先前作業反應模式的能力。情緒對認知彈性的影響無絕對得好或壞，且傾向支持情緒訊息理論，相較於中性與正向情緒，負向情緒會窄化注意力廣度、降低彈性。

Literature review showed emotion effect on many cognitive domains. A few studies focused on emotion influence on cognitive flexibility and mixed result was found. Hence, this study aims to understand how emotion affects on cognitive flexibility. Three emotional films which divided into neutral, positive, and negative emotion were presented to 48 college-aged participants. Participants requested to finish a task-switching paradigm after watching each film. Four aspects of cognitive flexibility were considered which were switch cost, congruency effect, mixing cost and fadeout effect. The results showed that reaction time (RT) switch cost in negative emotion was smaller than neutral emotion in incongruent condition. In congruency effect, proportion of error (PE) in negative emotion was lower than neutral emotion in incongruent condition. In the fadeout effect perspective, the result showed that the size of RT fadeout effect was greater in negative emotion than in neutral and positive emotion. There was no effect of emotion on RT/PE mixing cost. An implication of this result is that emotion is not always good or bad on cognitive flexibility, it dependents on task demands. Our results supported mood as information theory. In compare with neutral and positive emotion, negative emotion narrow down attention scope and inflexible.

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