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研究生: 黃凱暐
Huang, Kai-Wei
論文名稱: 高齡者模擬體驗裝之設計與穩定性評估
Design and Stability Evaluation of An Aging Suit
指導教授: 黃才烱
Huang, Tsai-Jeon
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 127
中文關鍵詞: 高齡者模擬體驗裝壓力中心功能性前伸測試起身行走測試柏格氏平衡表
外文關鍵詞: Aging suit, Center of pressure, Functional reach test, Time up and go test, Berg balance scale
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  • 由於衛生與醫療體系的健全發展,使人們平均壽命增加,而逐年降低之出生率的影響使人口結構逐漸朝老化的社會邁進。台灣即將邁入「高齡社會」的人口結構,老年人口將高達14%。老化的人口將帶給社會的衝擊與影響是全面性而深遠,也左右經濟發展及產業型態。高齡者模擬體驗裝(Aging suit)是老人服務產業與醫療院所之專業教學輔具,能夠推展高齡教育,進行年輕人與老年人代間教育之工具。然而,目前市售之老人體驗產品模擬老化效果不佳,無法使年輕人體會老化所帶來的不便與心理感受。
    本研究在於設計一套模擬老化生理功能之高齡者模擬體驗裝,使年輕人在穿著體驗裝時能有近似老年人之肢體與平衡能力。模擬生理功能老化方面,包括姿態、關節活動、視覺、聽覺及手部觸覺作阻礙功能之設計,以及平衡能力老化方面,設計干擾足部平衡的圓弧鞋板,模擬出老年人不穩定的平衡能力。
    本研究有13名年輕之受測者參與體驗裝之功能評估,平均年齡為24.2±0.99歲。評估三種穿著模式,包含正常情況之對照組、穿著干擾平衡之鞋板及高齡者模擬體驗裝;評估項目包含靜態站立之壓力中心測量、功能性前伸測試、起身行走測試及柏格氏平衡量表。結果發現:模擬裝可以增加平衡之不穩定性,但仍未到達容易發生跌倒老年人的不穩定程度,而功能性前伸測試與起身行走測試皆能模擬出大約70~80歲左右之健康老年人的狀態;整體而言,本研究之高齡者模擬體驗裝能有效增加受測者平衡能力上的不穩定性。

    Since improved development of the health care system, the life expectancy has increased. Due to rising life expectancy and declining birth rates, population structure will become ageing. Taiwan will be aged society and the elderly population will reach fourteen percent of total population. Ageing population will influence on society and also effect economic development and industry type. The aging suit, which simulated the elder’s motion and balance, let the young people know how inconvenient the elder was.
    This study designed an aging suit to simulated elder. When the young wear the aging suit, they may feel like elder and hard to exercise. The aging suit can simulate elder’s posture and body behavior, and also restricted the joint action. On the ageing balance, the unbalance shoes have curved surface to simulate unstable balance of elder.
    Thirteen young subjects wearing the aging suit were tested by clinical balance test about standing center of pressure tracing, functional reach test(FRT), timed up and go test(TUG) and Berg balance scale(BBS). Use the tests to evaluate the balance of the subjects wearing the aging suit, and compared the data with the elders. The aging suit can almost increase the sway in the standing test. In function reach test and timed up and go test, the young subjects wearing aging suit have stability like 70 years old elders.

    摘要 I Abstract II 誌謝 III 目錄 IV 表目錄 VI 圖目錄 VIII 符號說明 XI 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 高齡者模擬體驗裝簡介 4 1.3 論文架構 8 第二章 理論基礎 10 2.1 人體的動作 10 2.1.1 下肢動作 10 2.1.2 上肢動作 12 2.2 靜態站立 15 2.2.1 平衡 15 2.2.2 站立倒單擺模型 17 2.3 雙腳靜態站立通用的平衡模型 19 2.4 行走步態動作 21 2.5 老化所引起的生理變化 24 第三章 高齡者模擬體驗裝之設計 29 3.1 身體活動之限制設計 29 3.1.1 上肢之運動限制設計 29 3.1.2 下肢之運動限制及感官模擬裝置 38 3.2 足部干擾平衡之設計 41 3.2.1 足部干擾平衡塊設計概念 41 3.2.2 腳掌與腳跟之干擾平衡塊設計 45 3.2.3 可伸縮鞋板設計 47 3.2.4 加工與實體化 50 3.3 高齡者模擬體驗裝姿勢檢視 54 第四章 臨床試驗評估方法 59 4.1 靜態站立身體壓力中心測量 59 4.1.1 實驗設備 59 4.1.2 實驗方法 61 4.1.3 軌跡分析 63 4.2 功能性前伸測試 68 4.2.1 實驗介紹 68 4.2.2 實驗設備 69 4.2.3 實驗方法 70 4.3 起身行走測試 73 4.3.1 實驗介紹 73 4.3.2 實驗方法 75 4.4 柏格氏平衡量表 77 4.5 參數資料分析與統計方法 78 第五章 試驗平衡之結果與討論 79 5.1 靜態站立之壓力中心 80 5.1.1 對照組與穿著體驗裝及鞋板組之比較 80 5.1.2 穿著體驗裝及鞋板與高齡者資料作比較 89 5.1.3 靜態站立壓力中心測量小結 99 5.2 功能性前伸測試 101 5.3 起身行走測試 106 5.4 鞋板與體驗裝之模擬效果比較與討論 111 第六章 結論與建議 115 6.1 結論 115 6.2 未來發展與建議 118 參考文獻 120 附錄A Berg Balance Scale 125

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