病人自主在近代醫學倫理領域裡是相當重要的觀念，其中「告知後同意」更是在許多臨床治療處置之前，重要的醫病關係溝通過程之一環，台灣社會在近年來對於病人的「告知後同意」權益日益重視。本研究的目的在於探討醫師對於「告知後同意」所抱持的態度以及在行為上的意向。本研究採用近年來在社會科學界所常被使用來預測個人行為的計畫行為理論(Ajzen, 1985) 架構為基礎，研究醫師對進行病人告知後同意的行為態度、主觀規範、行為控制與進行病人告知後同意的行為意向之間的關係。其中行為態度是由行為信念及結果評價所構成，主觀規範是由醫師對重要參考對象的規範信念及依從動機所構成，對進行病人告知後同意的行為控制則由控制信念及便利知覺構成。
　　本研究以台南市執業醫師為對象，於民國九十二年共計有1327人，以普查方式進行郵寄問卷法。總計回收400份有效問卷，利用SPSS10.0統計套裝軟體與AMOS 4.0.1來分析與解釋研究結果。主要運用的方法有信效度分析、整體基本敘述統計分析、因素分析、各構面因素之相關分析、驗證性兼探索性的LISREL模式分析。
　　本研究結果發現行為態度與行為信念中的醫病關係及行為保障具有高度的正相關，但是與信念依據的相關不顯著，而行為態度與結果評價中的醫病互動及行為結果具有高度的正相關，但是與專業挑戰為低度到中度的正相關；主觀規範與規範信念及依從動機都具有高度的正相關；行為控制與控制信念及便利知覺具有高度的正相關；最後的行為意向與行為態度、主觀規範、行為控制三個構面因素都有高度的正相關。而且以線性結構關係式評估計劃行為理論的架構模式，在實證模式中有良好的的整體適合度，顯示可以用計畫行為理論的架構來解釋醫師對告知後同意的行為意向。
　　本研究結果建議醫療界在增進醫師對病人進行告知後同意的行為意向上，可採取下列方式：一、加強宣導告知後同意在增進醫病關係與避免醫療糾紛或訴訟上的功能；二、增加醫師重要參考對象的影響；三、改善目前醫療現狀的對告知後同意進行的阻礙。

　Patient autonomy is critical issue in the scope of medical ethics. To establish a good physician-patient relationship, “Informed Consent” plays a key component. The patients’ right to informed consent receives increasing emphasis. The study is to study the attitude and behavioral intention of physicians on informed consent. We adopt the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1985), an theory frequently used to predict individual behavior in social science, to study the relationship of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention. An individual’s attitude is determined by the evaluation of the outcome and the strength of the belief. Subjective norm is determined by the normative belief of physicians to important referent groups and physicians’ motivation to comply with those referents. Perceived behavioral control is determined by the control belief and the perceived facilitating factors to control behaviors.
　The study was conducted with questionnaires mailed to 1327 practicing physicians in Tainan. There were a total of 400 valid responses. The data were analyzed with statistical packages including SPSS 10.0 and AMOS 4.0.1. Results of analysis of reliability and validity, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis are presented.
　The study shows that attitudes have high correlation with some factors contribute to behavioral belief, which are physician-patient relationship and defending practice, and some factors contribute to evaluation of outcomes, which are physician-patient interaction and behavioral outcomes. There was moderate to low correlation between attitude and the factor of challenge to profession. The correlation between attitude and source of belief is insignificant. Subjective norms were highly related with normative beliefs and motivation to comply. Perceived behavioral control was also highly related with control belief and perceived facilitating factors to control behaviors. The behavioral intention was highly related with attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control in our model. The data showed good fitness with the model of the theory of planned behavior by structural equation modeling. The theory of planned behavior could be applied to predict the physician’s intention to informed consent.
　There are three recommendations to increase physician’s behavioral intention on informed consent: 1. to emphasize the effect of improving physician-patient relationship and reducing medical dispute of informed consent; 2. to increase the influence of relevant subjects of physicians; 3. to reduce the obstacles of informed consent in the present practicing environment.

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