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研究生： 黃成影
Anh, Huynh Thanh
論文名稱： 應用於電動機車之內藏式永磁馬達設計
Design of an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Scooter Application
指導教授： 謝旻甫
Hsieh, Min-Fu
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 系統及船舶機電工程學系
Department of Systems and Naval Mechatronic Engineering
論文出版年： 2014
畢業學年度： 102
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 100
中文關鍵詞： 電動機車 、電動機車動態 、內藏式永磁馬達 、凸極比
外文關鍵詞： electric scooter, electric scooter dynamics, IPM synchronous motor, saliency ratio
相關次數： 點閱：123  下載：6 
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    • 本論文探討內藏磁鐵式永磁同步馬達之設計於電動機車之應用。主要設計目標為電動機車每次充電，能夠以平均每小時速度50公里巡航100公里，或是在每小時80公里情形下，能行駛60公里。為達此目的，此電動機車之動力馬達須具備高功率密度、高效率、寬廣之操作範圍與極佳的成本效益。因此，本論文將探討內藏磁鐵式永磁同步馬達之設計、分析與各式轉子比較。
    首先，本論文分析電動機車的動態模型，從而定義出動力馬達需的轉矩、轉速和功率。接著，藉由探討內藏磁鐵式永磁同步馬達的轉子設計，以提高轉子凸極比，以增加磁阻轉矩。此外，不同之轉子設計：如單一磁鐵配置型、多重磁鐵配置型、V型磁鐵配置型都等，將逐一探討。上述各項磁鐵配置與表面型磁鐵配置的比較也將一併討論。在比較各型內藏磁鐵式永磁同步馬達的設計之後，將決定用於電動機車之最終設計。本文將以JMAG有限元素軟體模擬與分析動力馬達之設計結果。

    This thesis presents the design of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) for electric scooter (ES) application. The required ES can cruise for an average distance 100 km at 50 km/h or 60 km at 80 km/h in one charging time. Therefore, the ES requires a traction motor possessing high-power density, high efficiency, wide operating range and cost-effective. For these purposes, an IPMSM is designed and analyzed.
    Firstly, the dynamics behavior of ES is investigated. From this, the specifications of the electric motor such as torque, speed and power can be defined. Secondly, the IPMSM will be analyzed and designed using magnetic circuit model such that the saliency ratio can be improved for more reluctance torque. Different rotor structures are compared, such as single magnet layer type, multi-magnet layer type, and V-shape magnets type. The results are also compared with surface mounted permanent magnet type. Finally, all of the design cases are compared to determine the most suitable IPMSM for electric scooters. The design results are evaluated using finite element analysis.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II ACKNOWLEDGEMENT III LIST OF CONTENTS IV LIST OF TABLES IX LIST OF FIGURES X NOMENCLATURES AND SYMBOLS XIII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background and Problem Statement 1 1.2 Field-Weakening Operation of Permanent Magnet Motors 8 1.3 Thesis Objective 10 1.4 Thesis Outline 10 CHAPTER 2: ELECTRIC SCOOTER DYNAMICS 12 2.1 Electric Scooter Dynamic Equations 12 2.1.1 Rolling Resistance Force 13 2.1.2 Aerodynamic Drag Force 13 2.1.3 Hill Climbing Force 14 2.1.4 Acceleration Force 14 2.1.5 Total Tractive Effort 14 2.2 Electric Scooter Performance 15 2.2.1 Maximum Speed of a Scooter 16 2.2.2 Hill Climbing Ability 19 2.2.3 Acceleration Performance 21 2.3 The Operating Range of Electric Scooter 25 2.4 Summary 27 CHAPTER 3: PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR 28 3.1 Introduction 28 3.1.1 Analytical Magnetic Circuit Model with a Permanent Magnet 28 3.1.2 Magnetic Circuit Analysis of IPMSM 30 3.1.3 Steady-State Phasor Diagram 34 3.1.4 Inductances of IPMSM 39 3.1.5 The Operation Modes of IPMSM 44 3.2 Rotor Design Selections 46 3.2.1 Interior Single Flux-Barrier Magnet Type 46 3.2.2 Interior Multi Flux-Barrier Magnets Type 47 3.2.2.1 Selection of Number of Magnet 47 3.2.2.2 Geometrical Parameters of Multi Flux-Barrier Magnets 48 3.2.3 Interior V-Shaped Magnets Type 50 3.3 Geometrical Parameters of Stator 51 3.4 Summary 53 CHAPTER 4: ANALYTICAL DESIGN 54 4.1 Specifications and Initial Design Selections 54 4.2 Performance Calculation 55 4.2.1 General Sizing 55 4.2.2 Motor Parameters 57 4.2.2.1 Torque Constant 57 4.2.2.2 Magnet Dimension 58 4.2.2.3 Stator Parameters 60 4.2.2.4 The number of turns per phase and current density 63 4.2.3 Inductances 64 4.2.4 Back EMF 65 4.2.5 The Design Results with Field-Weakening Method 65 4.2.5.1 Torque at Based Speed and Torque at Rated Speed 67 4.2.5.2 Back EMF 69 4.2.5.3 The Torque – Speed Characteristics 69 4.2.5.4 Efficiency 71 4.3 Comparison of Different Rotor Topologies 72 4.3.1 V-Shaped Magnet Type 72 4.3.2 Multi Magnets Type 72 4.3.3 Another single magnet type 74 4.4 Result and Comparison of FEM Aided Design 75 4.4.1 Back EMF 75 4.4.2 Torque at Based Speed and Torque Ripple 78 4.4.3 Torque/Power – Speed Characteristic 79 4.4.4 Inductances 84 4.4.5 Efficiency of IPM motor 89 4.4.6 Iron Loss 89 4.5 Summaries of Design Result & Discussion 90 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORKS 92 5.1 Conclusions 92 5.2 Future Works 93 REFERENCES 94 APPENDIX 1 99 APPENDIX 2 100

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