台灣是全世界物理風化最嚴重的地區之一，透過對河水化學成分、鍶及鈾同位素的分析，可靈敏地檢視流域風化的程度。本研究沿著二仁溪流域的十九個測站，按季節分別採集一百多個水樣，進行主要陰陽離子( i.e., Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Cl-、HCO3- 及、SO42- 等)的檢測，採用統計學方法，將七百多筆資料的數據用主變量分析（Principal component analysis）與因子分析（Factor analysis），分別施以資料簡化、特性解釋及屬性歸類分群，分析水樣中主要陰陽離子分佈特性、水體間交互作用，以推測水體中各主要離子可能來源；再進一步配合鍶及鈾同位素比值及水文地質資料，探討影響各離子濃度的可能因素，系統性地建立二仁溪流域水化學資料，期能深入瞭解南部地區地表水與其周遭水文、地質環境的相互關係及其季節性變化。因子分析結果發現，控制河水成份變化的最主要三個因子為：海水鹽沫、圍岩組成和人為污染；另外水樣化學亦呈現區域性分佈，且明顯受雨量和氣候的調節。鍶同位素分析結果，顯示四種不同來源的混合作用，其中河口段各測站87Sr/86Sr最小（0.7090～0.7095），鍶濃度最大，可能受海水影響；中游段87Sr/86Sr最高（0.7105～0.7125），與當地圍岩風化有關；上游段的 87Sr/86Sr變化範圍則介於兩者之間；另外各支流標本析出有獨特同位素成分。鈾同位素234U/238U 活性度最大在忠義橋採樣點和地下水，分別是2.48和2.32，可能是受深部地下水影響；中游段和上游段234U/238U值分佈在1.50～1.87與表面逕流、淺層水有關；河口段採樣點可能是受到海水（海水值是1.14）影響，234U/238U 活性比值最低(1.22～1.25)；各支流測站同位素和濃度變化甚大，並和主流有明顯的分別，顯示出與盆地的區域特性有關。

　　Taiwan has the highest physical denudation rate in the world. Chemical and isotopic compositions of river water are sensitive tracers for chemical erosion. During the last two years, we have sampled more than 100 river waters at 19 stations along the Er-ren River. Various major (i.e., Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3- and SO42- ) and trace constituents, as well as Sr and U isotopes, were determined. Applying factor analysis method, we found that the most important factors controlling the river chemical compositions are (1) seasalt contribution and/or tidal effect; (2) ambient rock; and (3) anthropogenic pollutant. Other effects including regional and seasonal variability are also detected.
　　The 87Sr/86Sr and 1/Sr plot indicates of mixing among four Sr sources. Four near estuary stations display strong seawater 87Sr/86Sr signature (0.7090～0.7095). In mid stream stations, much higher 87Sr/86Sr（0.7105～0.7125）are observed possibly due to chemical weathering of ambient rocks. The isotopic compositions in upstream river waters range 0.7095 to 0.7105. Interestingly, the three different tributary samples show distinctive Sr concentration and isotopic compositions.
　　Uranium isotopic compositions vary largely in the Er-ren River. The highest 234U/238U （2.48，2.32） was found at the Chong-yi station and ground water, possibly were affected by deep situated groundwater. All mid and upstream waters show small 234U/238U variations (1.50～1.87) in strong contrast to that of tributary waters (1.2 to 2.5).The activities of four estuary samples (1.22～1.25) are similar to that of seawater (1.14).

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