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研究生: 黃靖元
Huang, Ching-Yuan
論文名稱: 以高涉入族群探究減塑行為的營造因素
The research of the factors of developing plastic-free behavior from high involvement groups
指導教授: 馬敏元
MA, MIN-YUAN
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 規劃與設計學院 - 工業設計學系
Department of Industrial Design
論文出版年: 2018
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 84
中文關鍵詞: 減塑行為改變涉入程度跨理論模式
外文關鍵詞: Plastic-free, Behavior changing, Involvement, Transtheoretical Model
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  • 近年來由於環境變遷因素影響,各界人士積極推廣有關環保的議題,無論在教育、科學、科技、社會人文、設計等領域,皆漸漸注重「環保」。然而,透過教育、政策、媒體宣導與各種經濟、商業模式倡導環保的情況下,至今國人的「環保意識」不斷地在快速提升的同時;「環保行為」的實施比例卻不如預期提升得如此快速,其中又以生活中的塑膠製品最為嚴重。臺灣人用「塑」成癮,以塑膠袋為例,根據2014年統計,全臺灣每年用掉180億個塑膠袋,是歐盟國民的3.9倍。
    故本研究目的欲探討在環保高涉入度族群中,是什麼樣的因素會讓這類的族群願意堅持其環保行為。研究方法為透過涉入程度調查,篩選符合環保之「減塑」高涉入度族群,配合跨理論模式(Transtheoretical Model)所整理出的行為轉變之四大階段之架構,進行半結構式個別訪談,從中捕捉該族群從事減塑行為之動機因素,並藉由資料分析與編碼方式,整理其行為轉變過程中每個階段的因素脈絡,藉此架構出減塑行為的營造因素。
    研究結果發現在減塑行為轉變「懵懂-思考」階段中,「媒體觸發覺醒」為主要轉變因素;「思考-準備」階段中,主要轉變因素為「減塑器具介入」,「準備-行動」階段,主要因素為「他人被動提醒」;「行動-維持」階段,主要因素為「締造支持減塑的社會環境與價值」。此外,各階段間之因素亦存在互相影響之關係,其中又以「媒體介入」與「他人介入」之因素貫穿行為改變之四大階段。本研究透過研究資料分析與歸納,提出減塑行為之營造因素,期望可以藉由此研究,提供各領域如政策、教育、設計、媒體等相關產業,在未來從事與環保、減塑行為相關議題時,能夠有所參考依據。

    In recent years, due to environmental changes, people in various fields have been concerned about environmental issues, such as environmental engineering, medical science, high-tech fields, social sciences, education, design and other fields. However, through some methods, such as education, policy implementation, media communication, and various economic and business models, people's awareness of environmental issues is constantly improving; in contrast, the implementation of environmental behavior is not as good as expected. And plastic pollution in life is one of the most serious issue. Taking plastic bags as an example, according to 2014 statistics, all Taiwanese use 18 billion plastic bags per year, which is 3.9 times that of Europeans.
    Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore what factors make the plastic-free-high-involvement people willing to adhere to their environmental behavior. The research method is focused on selecting the plastic-free-high-involvement people through the investigation of involvement, and cooperated with the four stages of the behavioral transformation compiled by the Transtheoretical Model to conduct semi-structured individual interviews, capturing the key factors from each one of stages. Then, through the methods of oral analysis and coding, the key factors of each stage of the behavioral transformation process are organized. And a set of key factors from each stage of plastic-free behavior developing can be seen.
    The study found that “Aroused by Media” was the main factor in the “Pre-contemplation to Contemplation” stage. In the “Contemplation to Preparation” stage, the main factor is “Passively Accepting Plastic-free Utensil”. In the “Preparation to Action” stage, the main factor is “Passively Reminded by Others”. In the “Action to Maintenance” stage, the main factor is “Creating a Social Environment or Value that Supports Plastic-free Life”. In addition, the factors between each stage also have a mutual influence. Among them, “Introspection Triggered by Media” and “Assisted by Friends or Family” can be applied to the four stages of behavior changing. It is hoped that this research be used as a reference when dealing with issues related to environmental protection and plastic-free behavior.

    摘要 i ABSTRACT ii 誌謝 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS v LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES ix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background and Motivation 1 1.2 Research Purpose 3 1.3 Research Scope and Limitation 3 1.4 Conceptual Framework 4 CHAPTER 2 LITERAURE REVIEW 6 2.1 Plastic-free Life 6 2.1.1 Plastic Pollution 6 2.1.2 Definition of Plastic-free Life 8 2.1.3 Preliminary Summary 11 2.2 Change of Behavior 12 2.2.1 Transtheoretical Model 12 2.2.2 Preliminary Summary 14 2.2.3 Preliminary Summary 16 2.3 Research and Analysis Methods 17 2.3.1 Involvement Theory 17 2.3.2 Semi-structured Interview 17 2.3.3 KJ Method 18 2.3.4 Grounded Theory 18 2.3.5 Preliminary Summary 20 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODS 21 3.1 Research Procedure 21 3.2 Involvement Survey 24 3.2.1 Questionnaire Preparation 24 3.2.2 Questionnaire Issue and Recycling 26 3.2.3 High Involvement Group Selected 26 3.2.4 Preliminary Summary 27 3.3 Semi-structured Interview Planning 27 3.3.1 Interview Time, Location and Interviewees 28 3.3.2 Interview Flow 28 3.3.3 Preliminary Summary 30 3.4 Semi-structured Interview Implementation 31 3.4.1 Exploratory Interviews 31 3.4.2 Official Interview 32 3.4.3 Preliminary Summary 33 3.5 Data Processing and Analysis 33 3.5.1 Organizing Verbatim text 34 3.5.2 Research Data Collation and Coding Methods 36 3.5.3 Preliminary Summary 37 3.6 Reliability and Validity of the study 37 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS 41 4.1 Interview Data Analysis and Results 41 4.1.1 A, Pre-contemplation to Contemplation Stage 41 4.1.2 B, Contemplation to Preparation stage 44 4.1.3 C, Preparation to Action Stage 47 4.1.4 D, Action to Maintenance Stage 50 4.1.5 Comparison and Discussion Between Stages 54 4.1.6 Preliminary Summary 57 4.2 Comparison of Research Results and Synergy Theory 57 CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION 60 5.1 Research Results 60 5.1.1 Factors for the Development of Plastic Reduction 60 5.1.2 The Interaction of these Behavioral Change Factor Between Stages 64 5.1.3 Comparison of Results of the Study and Synergistic Theory 65 5.2 Research Review and Prospects of Future 66 BLIOGRAPHIES 68 Appendix A QUESTIONNAIRE OF PLASTIC-FREE INVOLVEMENT SURVEY 73 Appendix B RESULTS OF PLASTIC-FREE INVOLVEMENT SURVEY 74 Appendix C VERBATIM TEXT AND CODING FROM INTERVIEWS 79

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