簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 陳君諭
Chen, Chun-Yu
論文名稱: 以模糊層級分析法評選工程爭議處理之方式
Evaluating Engineering Dispute resolution Methods using Fuzzy AHP
指導教授: 潘南飛
Pan, Nang-Fei
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年: 2010
畢業學年度: 98
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 122
中文關鍵詞: 工期爭議變更設計爭議爭議處理方法公路工程模糊層級分析法
外文關鍵詞: Dispute resolution, duration dispute, change order dispute, highway construction, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.
相關次數: 點閱:120下載:4
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 隨著國內工程建造的規模日益龐大,以及分工介面越來越複雜,以至於從採購至施工存在許多複雜性與不確定性,以及公帄交易意識之抬頭,使得工程爭議事件屢屢發生。其中,工期爭議與變更設計爭議為營建工程最常見之兩種爭議。國內現行爭議處理方式包括和解(Conciliation)、調解(Mediation)、仲裁(Arbitration)及訴訟(Litigation)四種方式,然往往因工程主辦單位與承包商欲採取的處理方式及其決策準則之偏好存有差異,造成彼此之間無法取得共識,此形同雙重爭議,故而難以迅速與有效地解決本身的爭議問題。過去對於工程爭議處理之研究,以探討現行爭議發生之原因與處理的制度者居多,少見有針對糾紛發生時雙方欲選擇處理方法與其決策因子重視度之研究。鑑此,本文旨在探討在進行爭議處理時彼此期望採用方法與決策準則的異同,進而有助於化異求同與有效地處理爭議。 由於層級分析法為可有效分析多準則評選問題之方法,且模糊理論可解決人類主觀或思考上模糊的特性,故本文運用模糊層級分析法(FAHP)探討公共工程之工期及變更設計爭議。本案例所考量的主要評估因子包括時間、成本、法規、及效力4項,主要因再予以細分爭議處理前段時間等11項次評估因子。此外,亦考量爭議發生原因:(1)可歸於主辦單位之責(2)可歸於承包商之責,以及(3)不可歸於雙方下分析。最後,亦針對現行之「先調後仲」(First Mediation later Arbitration)制度加以探討。另案例分析結果顯示承包商和業主均期望優先考慮採取和解,其次為調解,但訴訟為承包商最不欲選,則業主最不欲選仲裁之方案。分析結果對日後類似案例具有參考之價值;可事先瞭解彼此對於欲採取爭議處理方式之策略及排序,亦可掌握雙方對評選準則之重視度,這些重要決策資訊有助於化解爭端的本身問題。

    The prosperous of construction projects in the domestic market and the complicated construction work division are known to be the major causes lead to complexities and uncertainties in the construction processes from procurement to construction stages. The uncertainties, the complexity further lead to the awareness of fair deal among the stakeholders in which it’s eventually escalates into construction dispute. Construction dispute is the common scenario seen in construction projects in which the duration dispute and also the change order dispute are the most common issues. Dispute resolution methods adopted in Taiwan included conciliation, mediation, arbitration and litigation. Owners and contractors whom are the disputants possess different preferences, expectations and development goals made the collective decision-making more complicated and unable to reach to an agreement. These would eventually double the controversy in the construction dispute and it is difficult to resolves in a quick and effective manner. Previous studies on construction dispute focused on the causes of disputes and disputes resolution procedure. Fewer researches focus on which resolution method prefer by disputants and the most preferable decision-making element in construction dispute. Thus, in this study, the objectives of are to identify the disputants’ most preferable dispute resolution method and also to identify the similarities and the differences in the preferred methods and to deal effectively with the dispute.
    Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is capable to analyze multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem effectively while fuzzy theory able to solves human subjective or fuzzy thinking characteristics. Fuzzy AHP (FAHP) adopted as the analysis method with the case study focused on the changes of duration and the change order dispute in a highway construction in Taiwan. The main criteria adopted in this study included time, cost, regulation, and effectiveness. The main criteria are then broke down into 11 sub-criteria. In addition, the controversial causes of such (1) when dispute caused by owner, (2) when dispute caused by contractors, and (3) when nobody are held liable for the cause of dispute, as the additional considerations. Finally, analysis on the “first mediate later arbitrate” is discussed. The key finding shows that both disputants prefer conciliation followed by meditation. However, owner dislikes arbitration and contractor dislike litigation. Results obtained from this study are able to guide future decision-making in dispute resolution.

    摘要 ....................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................................................................................ II 誌謝 .................................................................................................................................... IV 目錄 ...................................................................................................................................... V 表目錄 ............................................................................................................................... VII 圖目錄 ................................................................................................................................ IX 第一章 緒論 ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究動機 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究目的 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.3 研究範圍 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.4 研究流程與方法 ............................................................................................... 3 1.5 論文內容與架構 ............................................................................................... 5 第二章 相關文獻回顧 ................................................................................................... 6 2.1 工程爭議之概述 ............................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 工程爭議之特性 .......................................................................................... 6 2.1.2 工程爭議發生之致因 .................................................................................. 7 2.2 履約爭議處理 ................................................................................................... 9 2.2.1 履約爭議之定義 .......................................................................................... 9 2.2.2 履約爭議處理制度 .................................................................................... 10 2.2.3 履約爭議處理的方法 ................................................................................ 15 2.3 爭議處理成效 ................................................................................................. 23 2.4 先調後仲機制之探討 ..................................................................................... 24 2.5 公共工程爭議處理系統 ................................................................................. 28 第三章 研究方法介紹 ................................................................................................. 29 3.1 層級分析法 ..................................................................................................... 29 3.1.1 層級分析法基本介紹 ................................................................................ 29 3.1.2 層級分析法之流程 .................................................................................... 31 3.1.3 AHP之優缺點 ........................................................................................... 40 3.2 模糊集 ............................................................................................................. 41 3.2.1 隸屬函數 .................................................................................................... 41 3.2.2 語意變數 .................................................................................................... 43 3.2.3 α-截集 ........................................................................................................ 43 3.2.4 解模糊化 .................................................................................................... 44 3.3 模糊層及分析法(FAHP) ........................................................................... 46 3.3.1 傳統之FAHP法 ........................................................................................ 46 3.3.2 本文所提出之FAHP法 ............................................................................ 49 第四章 案例分析與探討 ............................................................................................. 57 4.1 案例說明 ......................................................................................................... 57 4.2 工期爭議之問卷結果與分析 ......................................................................... 65 4.2.1 不考慮先調後仲之情形 ............................................................................ 65 4.2.2 考慮先調後仲之情形 ................................................................................ 74 4.3 變更設計之問卷結果與分析 ......................................................................... 79 4.3.1 不考慮先調後仲之情形 ............................................................................ 79 4.3.2 考慮先調後仲的情形 ................................................................................ 89 4.4 Buckley方法之驗證 ....................................................................................... 94 第五章 結論與建議 ..................................................................................................... 98 5.1 結論 ................................................................................................................. 98 5.2 未來研究方向與建議 ................................................................................... 100 參考文獻 ........................................................................................................................... 101 附錄A-軟體操作 .............................................................................................................. 106 Expert Choice-專家決策系統 ................................................................................... 106 附錄B-受訪問卷 ............................................................................................................... 113

    英文文獻
    1. AI-KhaliI, M.I., and AI-Ghafly, M.A.,“Delay in Public Utility Projects in Saudi Arabia,”International Journal of Project Management, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 101-106 (1999).
    2. Belton, V., and Gear, T.,“The Legitimacy of Rank Rreversal-A Comment,” Omega, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 227-230 (1985).
    3. Buckley, J.J.,“Fuzzy hierarchical analysis,”Fuzzy Sets and System, Vol. 17, pp. 233-247 (1985).
    4. Buckley, J.J., and Csutora, R.,“Fuzzy hierarchic al analysis : the Lambda-Max method,”Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vol. 120, pp. 181-195 (2001).
    5. Chen, S.J., and Wang, C.L., Fuzzy multiple attribute decision making methods and applications, Springer-Verlag, New York (1992).
    6. Cheung, S.O.,“Critical factors affecting the use of alternative dispute resolution processes in construction,”International Journal of Project Management , Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 189-194 (1999).
    7. Harmon, K.M.J.,“Resolution Of Construction Disputes: A Review of Current Methodologies,”Leadership and Management in Engineering, pp. 187-201 (2010).
    8. Nydick, R.L., and Hill, R.P.“Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process to Structure the Supplier Selection Procedure,”International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management , Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 31-36 (1992).
    9. Karsak, E.E., and Tolga, E.,“Fuzzy multi-criterria decision-making procedure for evaluating advanced manufacturing system investments,”International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 69, No. 1, pp. 49-64 (2001).
    10. Kumaraswamy, M.M., and Chan, W.M.,“Contributors to Construction delays,”Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 16, pp. 17-29 (1998).
    11. Li, H.,“Case-Based Reasoning for Intelligent Support of Construction Negotiation,”Information and Management, Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 231-238 (1996).
    12. Millet, I., and Harker, P.T.,“Globally Effective Questioning in the Analytic Hiearchy Process,”European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 48, pp. 88-97 (1990).
    13. Pan, N.F.,“Fuzzy AHP approach for selecting the suitable bridge construction method,”Automation in Construction, pp. 958-965 (2008).
    14. Saaty T.L., The Analytic Hierarchy Proecss, McGraw-Hill, N.Y. (1980).
    15. Cheung, S.O., Suen, H.C.H., Ng, S.T., and Leung, M.Y.,“Convergent Views of Neutrals and Users about Alternative Dispute Resolution,”Journal of Management in Engineering, pp. 88-96 (2004).
    16. Semple, C., Hartman, F.T. and Jergeas, G.“Construction Claims and Disputes: Causes and Cost/Time Overruns,”Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 120, No. 4, pp. 785-795 (1994).
    17. Sugeno, M.,“An introductory survey of fuzzy control,”Information Science, Vol. 36, pp. 59-83 (1985).
    18. Zadeh, L.A.“Fuzzy sets,”Information and Control, Vol. 8, pp. 338-353 (1965).
    中文文獻
    1.王伯儉,工程糾紛與索賠實務,元照出版公司,台北 (2002)。
    2.吳家德,「公共工程仲裁制度應用之研究」,碩士論文,國立高雄第一科技大學營建工程系,高雄 (2003)。
    3.呂守陞、余壬癸,「山坡地開發雜項工程影響因子評估之研究」,中華民國建築學會建築學報,第三十九期, 第71-86頁 (2002)。
    4.李允中、王小璠、蘇木春,模糊理論及其應用,全華科技圖書股份有限公司,台北 (2000)。
    5.李家慶,工程爭議處理,台灣營建研究院,台北 (2003)。
    6.周宏宇,「綠色拆屋評估指標系統之研究」,碩士論文,國立中央大學營建管理研究所,中壢(2009)。
    7.房樹貴,「解決公共工程履約糾紛問題之研究」,碩士論文,世新大學法學院,台北 (2007)。
    8.林金面,營建管理學,文笙書局股份有限公司,台北 (2003)。
    9.林建宏,「山坡地住宅區防災區風險管理機制建立之研究」,碩士論文,國立台北科技大學土木與防災技術研究所,台北 (2000)。
    10.邱義翔,「工程爭議案例推論模式之研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學營建工程技術研究所,台北 (2005)。
    11.施義芳、陳錦芳,「政府採購法第85條之1第2項增訂先調解後仲裁對工程履約爭議之影響」,技師報,第五百五十九期 (2007)。
    12.翁振益、周瑛琪,決策分析方法與應用,華泰文化,台北 (2007)。
    13.戚淑芳,「工程爭議之有效管理」,碩士論文,國立成功大學企業管理研究所,台南 (2005)。
    14.梁鑑,國際工程施工索賠,淑馨出版社,台北 (1999)。
    15.莊賀元,「政府採購法先調後仲機制之研究」,碩士論文,中國文化大學法律學研究所,台北 (2009)。
    16.許憲志,「道路拓寬工程變更設計問題之探討-以雲嘉南縣之公路工程為例」,碩士論文,國立雲林科技大學營建工程系,雲林 (2005)。
    17.郭斯傑、詹前輝,「浮時所有權及工程進度耽延責任之探討」,國立台灣大學工程學刊,第六十五期,第 85-100頁 (1995)。
    18.陳國書,「公共工程履約爭議處理之研究」,碩士論文,國立中山大學企業管理學系,高雄 (2003)。
    19.曾國雄、鄧振雄,「層級分析法(AHP)的內涵特性與應用(上)」,中國統計學報,第二十七卷,第六期,第5-22頁 (1989)。
    20.曾國雄、鄧振雄,「層級分析法(AHP)的內涵特性與應用(下)」,中國統計學報,第二十七卷,第七期,第1-20頁 (1989)。
    21.游瑞榮、王明德,「台北捷運工程糾紛與仲裁之研究」,第五屆營建工程與管理研究成果聯合發表會,雲林,第 427-438頁 (2001)。
    22.黃建雄,「政府採購履約爭議處理制度之研究-兼評「先調後仲」之立法」,碩士論文,國防大學國防管理學院法律研究所,桃園 (2008)。
    23.黃華威,「工程爭議佐證文件之關聯性研究」,碩士論文,國立中央大學營建管理研究所,中壢 (2009)。
    24.楊英君,「公共工程履約爭議處理制度之研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學營建工程技術研究所,台北 (1998)。
    25.管培智,「多目標規劃教學設備投資決策分析─以空軍航空技術學院為例」,碩士論文,義守大學工業工程與管理學系,高雄 (2002)。
    26.劉伯村,「應用模糊多屬性決策法於博物館服務品質評估之研究」,碩士論文,南台科技大學工業管理研究所,台南 (2004)。
    27.潘南飛,「模糊層級分析法應用於高雄地區深開挖擋土工法之評選」,中華建築學刊,第五十八期,第19-44頁 (2006)。
    28.潘南飛、許文宗、陳君諭,「工程爭議處理方法之評選」,現代營建,第三百六十四期,第1-6頁 (2010)。
    29.潘南飛、賴逢昇,「層級分析法(AHP)應用於評選最佳邊坡生態工法之研究」,2003年兩岸營建環境及永續經營研討會論文集,台北,第199-210頁 (2003)。
    30.蕭玉華,「國際會議地點選址評估模式之研究─Fuzzy AHP之應用」,碩士論文,南華大學旅遊事業管理研究所,嘉義 (2005)。
    31.蕭家進,「公共工程爭議處理的省思」,現代營建,第二百六十期,第65-70頁 (2001)。
    32.薰刀根,競賽式決策制定法-AHP入門,建宏出版社,台北 (1993)。

    其它
    1.中華民國仲裁協會
    http://www.arbitration.org.tw/content/content.html
    2.政府採購法. (2007), 行政院公共工程委員會
    http://www.pcc.gov.tw/pccap2/TMPLfronted/ChtIndex.do?site=002

    下載圖示 校內:2015-08-31公開
    校外:2015-08-31公開
    QR CODE