簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 梁智恩
Yang, Ji Eun
論文名稱: The Behavioral Effect of Disclosing Influencer Sponsored Content to Instagram User
The Behavioral Effect of Disclosing Influencer Sponsored Content to Instagram User
指導教授: 溫敏杰
Wen, Miin Jye
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 國際經營管理研究所
Institute of International Management
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 60
外文關鍵詞: Sponsorship disclosure, Influencer marketing, Cognitive resistance, Affective resistance
相關次數: 點閱:54下載:3
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • With a rising number of Instagram users, Instagram has become a marketing tool of organizations. For influencer marketing, sponsorship disclosure is a critical issue to consider. This study investigates the effects of sponsorship disclosure on Instagram user’s brand attitude and purchase intention. In order to identify these effects, resistance theory and persuasion knowledge model were integrated. This research used an online experiment and found that activated persuasion knowledge of Instagram users had a positive response of cognitive (source of derogation) and negative response of affective (negative affect). Based on the results, theoretical and managerial contributions and as well as future research are discussed.

    ABSTRACT I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS II TABLE OF CONTENTS III LIST OF TABLES VI LIST OF FIGURES VIII CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Background. 1 1.1.1 Social Media Influencer. 1 1.1.2 Influencer Marketing. 3 1.1.3 Sponsorship Disclosure. 4 1.2 Research Objectives and Research Gap. 5 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 7 2.1 Persuasion Knowledge. 7 2.2 Resistance Toward Sponsored Instagram Influencer Post. 8 2.3 Cognitive Resistance. 9 2.4 Affective Resistance. 11 2.5 The effect of the attitude towards the brand and behavioral intentions 13 CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 15 3.1 Research Framework. 15 3.2 Summary of Hypotheses. 16 3.3 Definition of Variables. 17 3.4 Experiment Design and Procedures. 17 3.4.1 Stimulus Material. 19 3.5 Measurement. 21 3.6 Control Variables. 23 3.7 Sampling Plan. 24 3.8 Methods of Analysis. 24 3.8.1 Descriptive Statistical Analysis. 24 3.8.2 Common Method Bias. 25 3.8.3 Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). 25 3.8.4 Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). 25 CHAPTER FOUR RESEARCH RESULTS 27 4.1 Pilot Test Result. 27 4.2 Main Study Result. 30 4.2.1 Data Collection. 30 4.2.2 Respondents Demographics. 30 4.2.3 Descriptive Statistics. 33 4.2.4 Common Bias Method. 35 4.2.5 Sponsorship Disclosure CFA Model Result. 38 4.2.6 No Sponsorship Disclosure CFA Model Result. 39 4.2.7 Goodness of Fit Index SEM Result. 44 4.2.8 Summary of Hypotheses Testing Results. 46 4.2.9 Total effect of SEM Result (Comparable model). 49 4.2.10 Mediation Effect. 50 CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 53 5.1 Research Discussion. 53 5.2 Theoretical and Managerial Contribution. 55 5.3 Research Limitations and Future Research. 56 REFERENCES 57 APPENDICES 60 Appendix 1: 60

    Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173.
    Berinsky, A. J., Huber, G. A., & Lenz, G. S. (2012). Evaluating online labor markets for experimental research: Amazon. com's mechanical turk. Political Analysis, 20(3), 351-368.
    Berthon, P. R., Pitt, L. F., Plangger, K., & Shapiro, D. (2012). Marketing meets Web 2.0, social media, and creative consumers: Implications for international marketing strategy. Business Horizons, 55(3), 261-271.
    Boerman, S. C., Van Reijmersdal, E. A., & Neijens, P. C. (2012). Sponsorship disclosure: Effects of duration on persuasion knowledge and brand responses. Journal of Communication, 62(6), 1047-1064.
    Boerman, S. C., Willemsen, L. M., & Van Der Aa, E. P. (2017). “This post is sponsored”: Effects of sponsorship disclosure on persuasion knowledge and electronic word of mouth in the context of Facebook. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 38(0), 82-92.
    Brchm, S., & Brehm, J. (1981). Psychological reactance: A theory of freedom and control.: New York, USA: Academic Press.
    Cain, R. M. (2011). Embedded advertising on television: Disclosure, deception, and free speech rights. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 30(2), 226-238.
    Campbell, M. C., Mohr, G. S., & Verlegh, P. W. (2013). Can disclosures lead consumers to resist covert persuasion? The important roles of disclosure timing and type of response. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 23(4), 483-495.
    Choi, D., Bang, H., Wojdynski, B. W., Lee, Y.-I., & Keib, K. M. (2018). How brand disclosure timing and brand prominence influence consumer's intention to share branded entertainment content. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 42(0), 18-31.
    De Veirman, M., Cauberghe, V., & Hudders, L. (2017). Marketing through Instagram influencers: the impact of number of followers and product divergence on brand attitude. International Journal of Advertising, 36(5), 798-828.
    De Veirman, M., & Hudders, L. (2019). Disclosing sponsored Instagram posts: the role of material connection with the brand and message-sidedness when disclosing covert advertising. International Journal of Advertising(0), 1-37.
    Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics: SAGE Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA.
    Friestad, M., & Wright, P. (1994). The persuasion knowledge model: How people cope with persuasion attempts. Journal of Consumer Research, 21(1), 1-31.
    Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., Anderson, R., & Tatham, R. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. Alih bahasa: Soleh Rusyadi Maryam. Jilid, 2.
    Hoch, S. J. (2002). Product experience is seductive. Journal of Consumer Research, 29(3), 448-454.
    Hwang, Y., & Jeong, S.-H. (2016). “This is a sponsored blog post, but all opinions are my own”: The effects of sponsorship disclosure on responses to sponsored blog posts. Computers in Human Behavior, 62(0), 528-535.
    Jenkins, M., & Dragojevic, M. (2013). Explaining the process of resistance to persuasion: A politeness theory-based approach. Communication Research, 40(4), 559-590.
    Kim, A. J., & Ko, E. (2012). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand. Journal of Business Research, 65(10), 1480-1486.
    Knowles, E. S., & Linn, J. A. (2004). The Importance of Resistance to Persuasion. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers: Psychology Press.
    Lavidge, R. J., & Steiner, G. A. (1961). A model for predictive measurements of advertising effectiveness. Journal of Marketing, 25(6), 59-62.
    Liu, S., Jiang, C., Lin, Z., Ding, Y., Duan, R., & Xu, Z. (2015). Identifying effective influencers based on trust for electronic word-of-mouth marketing: A domain-aware approach. Information Sciences, 306(0), 34-52.
    MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., & Fritz, M. S. (2007). Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 593-614.
    Mangold, W. G., & Faulds, D. J. (2009). Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix. Business Horizons, 52(4), 357-365.
    Matthes, J., Schemer, C., & Wirth, W. (2007). More than meets the eye: Investigating the hidden impact of brand placements in television magazines. International Journal of Advertising, 26(4), 477-503.
    McQuarrie, E. F., Miller, J., & Phillips, B. J. (2012). The megaphone effect: Taste and audience in fashion blogging. Journal of Consumer Research, 40(1), 136-158.
    Nelson, M. R., Wood, M. L., & Paek, H.-J. (2009). Increased persuasion knowledge of video news releases: Audience beliefs about news and support for source disclosure. Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 24(4), 220-237.
    Ohanian, R. (1990). Construction and validation of a scale to measure celebrity endorsers' perceived expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness. Journal of advertising, 19(3), 39-52.
    Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986). The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion Communication and persuasion (pp. 1-24): Springer.
    Phua, J., Jin, S. V., & Kim, J. J. (2017). Gratifications of using Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, or Snapchat to follow brands: The moderating effect of social comparison, trust, tie strength, and network homophily on brand identification, brand engagement, brand commitment, and membership intention. Telematics and Informatics, 34(1), 412-424.
    Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
    Sawyer, A. G. (1981). Repetition, cognitive responses, and persuasion.
    Sheldon, P., & Bryant, K. (2016). Instagram: Motives for its use and relationship to narcissism and contextual age. Computers in Human Behavior, 58(0), 89-97.
    Spears, N., & Singh, S. N. (2004). Measuring attitude toward the brand and purchase intentions. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 26(2), 53-66.
    Tarkiainen, A., & Sundqvist, S. (2005). Subjective norms, attitudes and intentions of Finnish consumers in buying organic food. British Food Journal, 107(11), 808-822.
    Tessitore, T., & Geuens, M. (2013). PP for ‘product placement’or ‘puzzled public’? The effectiveness of symbols as warnings of product placement and the moderating role of brand recall. International Journal of Advertising, 32(3), 419-442.
    Thakur, R., Angriawan, A., & Summey, J. H. (2016). Technological opinion leadership: The role of personal innovativeness, gadget love, and technological innovativeness. Journal of Business Research, 69(8), 2764-2773.
    Ting, H., & de Run, E. C. (2015). Attitude towards advertising: A young generation cohort’s perspective. Asian Journal of Business Research ISSN, 5(1), 69-82.
    Van Reijmersdal, Fransen, M. L., van Noort, G., Opree, S. J., Vandeberg, L., Reusch, S., . . . Boerman, S. C. (2016). Effects of disclosing sponsored content in blogs: How the use of resistance strategies mediates effects on persuasion. American Behavioral Scientist, 60(12), 1458-1474.
    Van Reijmersdal, Lammers, N., Rozendaal, E., & Buijzen, M. (2015). Disclosing the persuasive nature of advergames: Moderation effects of mood on brand responses via persuasion knowledge. International Journal of Advertising, 34(1), 70-84.
    Van Reijmersdal, Smit, E., & Neijens, P. (2010). How media factors affect audience responses to brand placement. International Journal of Advertising, 29(2), 279-301.
    Wei, M.-L., Fischer, E., & Main, K. J. (2008). An examination of the effects of activating persuasion knowledge on consumer response to brands engaging in covert marketing. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 27(1), 34-44.
    Wojdynski, B. W., & Evans, N. J. (2014, August). Deception by design: Analyzing native advertising design and disclosures on news websites. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
    Wojdynski, B. W., & Evans, N. J. (2016). Going native: Effects of disclosure position and language on the recognition and evaluation of online native advertising. Journal of Advertising, 45(2), 157-168.
    Wood, W., & Quinn, J. M. (2003). Forewarned and forearmed? Two meta-analysis syntheses of forewarnings of influence appeals. Psychological Bulletin, 129(1), 119-138.
    Wright. (1973). The cognitive processes mediating acceptance of advertising. Journal of Marketing Research, 10(1), 53-62.
    Wright. (1975). Factors affecting cognitive resistance to advertising. Journal of Consumer Research, 2(1), 1-9.
    Yim, Sauer, P., Williams, J., Lee, S.-J., & Macrury, I. (2014). Drivers of attitudes toward luxury brands: A cross-national investigation into the roles of interpersonal influence and brand consciousness. International Marketing Review, 31(4), 363-389.
    Yoo, B., Donthu, N., & Lee, S. (2000). An examination of selected marketing mix elements and brand equity. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(2), 195-211.
    Zuwerink, & Cameron, K. A. (2003). Strategies for resisting persuasion. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 25(2), 145-161.
    Zuwerink, & Devine. (1996). Attitude importance and resistance to persuasion: It's not just the thought that counts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(5), 931.
    Zuwerink Jacks, J., & Cameron, K. A. (2003). Strategies for resisting persuasion. Basic and applied social psychology, 25(2), 145-161.

    下載圖示 校內:立即公開
    校外:立即公開
    QR CODE