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研究生: 郭哲丞
Kuo, Che-Cheng
論文名稱: 手持式數位視訊廣播跨層級最佳化傳輸
Cross-Layer optimized transmission scheme for DVB-H
指導教授: 郭文光
Kuo, Wen-Kuang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電腦與通信工程研究所
Institute of Computer & Communication Engineering
論文出版年: 2010
畢業學年度: 98
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 48
中文關鍵詞: 手持式數位視訊廣播時間切片多重協定封裝-向前錯誤更正機制可調性視訊編碼
外文關鍵詞: DVB-H, Time-Slicing, MPE-FEC, SVC
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  • 由於DVB-H技術規格於2004年11月正式成為歐洲電信標準學會(European Telecommunications Standards Institute;ETSI)之標準,使得行動裝置收看數位電視已成為一種可行的服務。手持式數位視訊廣播(Digital Video Broadcasting - Handheld;DVB-H)是以地面數位視訊廣播(Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial;DVB-T)為基礎,為了降低行動裝置的功率消耗及通道雜訊的容忍力,在資料鏈結層新增時間切片(Time-Slicing)及多重協定封裝-向前錯誤更正機制(Multi-Protocol Encapsulation - Forward Error Correction;MPE-FEC)兩項關鍵技術,並且可以向後相容於現有的DVB-T系統。
    本論文針對DVB-H在鏈結層新增的兩項關鍵技術,提出一個可同時最佳化這兩項技術的演算法。其中演算法主要是實行在DVB-H的鏈結層及應用層,首先我們利用Greedy Approach在一有限的頻寬下將每一部影片做時間排程,同時經由每一組的時間排程及通道傳輸速率得到每一部影片在鏈結層所能傳送的資料量,接著再估計每一部影片在鏈結層所能傳送的影像(frame)張數,此時需考慮接收端位於應用層的video buffer,應避免傳送的資料量造成buffer overflow及underflow,接著在鏈結層考慮當影像的封包遺失所造成的影像失真度來決定每個封包的重要程度,並利用動態規劃(Dynamic Programming)的方法依據這些重要程度來決定每個MPE-FEC要加多少保護,透過此排程結果來傳送影片,讓使用者可以接收到最好的影像品質。

    Since November 2004 the DVB-H specification has become a key criterion of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) which makes the mobile devices to watch a digital television (DTV) becoming a feasibility service. Digital video broadcasting – Handheld (DVB-H) is based on the digital video broadcasting – terrestrial (DVB-T) in order to reduce the power consumption of mobile devices and channel noise toleration. Moreover, the time-slicing of data link layer and multi-protocol encapsulation - forward error correction (MPE-FEC) are two key techniques which can be compatible with the existing DVB-T system.

    In this thesis, we add two key techniques in the link layer for DVB-H system and propose an algorithmic method that can simultaneously optimize these two key techniques. Among them, the usefulness of algorithmic method can be implemented in both the link layer and the applied layer of the DVB-H system. First, we utilize the Greedy Approach to sort the video time at a limited resource, and according to the time arrangement and channel transmission rate, we can obtain the data of the link layer in each video. For a estimation of the transmission frame numbers of the link layer in each video, we need to carefully consider the receive terminal in the applied layer based video buffer to avoid the results of buffer overflow and underflow of the data transmission. Next, the link layer considers the loss of the video package resulting in the video distortion to decide the importance of the each package. And we also utilize the dynamic programming method based on the important level to decide how well the MPE-FEC should be protected; hence, we can get through the sort results to transmit videos that help the users to receive the best quality video format.

    目錄 第1章 緒論 1 1.1、背景 1 1.2、研究動機 1 1.3、論文架構 2 第2章 DVB-H系統 3 2.1、DVB-H概論 3 2.1.1、DVB-H與DVB-T技術比較 3 2.1.2、DVB-H 系統架構與服務 4 2.1.3、DVB-H 採用的標準 5 2.2、MPE-FEC架構 6 2.2.1、MPE-FEC交織編碼與封裝 7 2.2.2、Code shortening & puncturing 9 2.2.3、MPE-FEC解碼 11 2.2.4、MPE-FEC錯誤率估計 12 2.3、分時切片 (Time-slicing) 13 2.3.1 、delta-t的技術 15 2.3.2、突波參數(burst parameters) 16 2.3.3、非均等錯誤保護(unequal error protection: UEP) 17 第3章 最佳化公式 21 3.1、動態突波時間(Dynamic Burst Duration;DBD)演算法 22 3.2、聯合來源通道編碼(joint source-cannel coding)模型 26 3.2.1、Feasible Ton演算法 29 3.2.2、動態規劃(Dynamic Programming) 30 3.2.3、滑動視窗(Sliding window) 33 3.3、演算法流程 35 第4章 模擬結果 40 4.1 模擬環境 40 4.2 模擬結果 41 第5章 結論 46 參考文獻 47

    參考文獻

    [1] ETSI TR 102 377: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB-H Implementation Guidelines”.

    [2] ETSI EN 300 744: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for digital terrestrial television”.

    [3] ETSI EN 301 192 v1.4.1 : “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB specification for data broadcasting”.

    [4] ETSI EN 302 304, “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Transmission System for Handheld Terminals (DVB-H).”

    [5] Jukka Henriksson: “DVB-H outline”.

    [6] W.-C. Feng, J. Rexford, “A Comparison of Bandwidth Smoothing Techniques for the Transmission of Prerecorded Compressed Video”,IEEE INFOCOM, 1997.

    [7] Z.-L. Zhang, J. Kurose, J. D. Salehi, D. Towsley, “Smoothing,Statistical Multiplexing and Call Admission Control for Stored Video”,IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol.15, no.6, pp.1148-1166, August 1997.

    [8] P.Camarda, C.Guaragnella, D.Striccoli, “Video Smoothing of Aggregates of Streams with Bandwidth Constraints”, Jourmal of Communication Software and Systems, VOl.1, n.1, pp. 57-70,September 2005.

    [9] jsvm 6.8.1 , Joint Video Team (JVT) of ISO/IEC MPEG & ITU-T VCEG(ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 and ITU-T SG16 Q.6) Reference software, April, 2006

    [10] Jarkko Paavola, Student Member, IEEE, Heidi (Joki)Himmanen, Student Member, IEEE,
    Tero Jokela, Student Member, IEEE, Jussi Poikonen, Student Member, IEEE, and Valery Ipatov, Member, IEEE, “The Performance Analysis of MPE-FEC Decoding Methods at the DVB-H Link Layer for Efficient IP Packet Retrieval”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BROADCASTING, VOL. 53, NO. 1, MARCH 2007.

    [11] Vinod Kumar Malamal Vadakital, Miska M. Hannuksela, Mehdi Rezaei, Moncef Gabbouj, “METHOD FOR UNEQUAL ERROR PROTECTION IN DVB-H FOR MOBILE TELEVISION”, The 17th Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC'06)

    [12] Miska M. Hannuksela, Vinod Kumar Malamal Vadakital, and Satu Jumisko-Pyykk, “Comparison of Error Protection Methods for Audio-Video Broadcast over DVB-H”, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing,Volume 2007, Article ID 71801, 12 pages

    [13] J. Henriksson, “Evaluation report DVB-T vs commercial requirements for DVB-X,”

    [14] J. Henriksson, “DVB-X,” DVB-SCENE, Mar.2003.

    [15] Maryse Stoufs, Student Member, IEEE, Adrian Munteanu, Member, IEEE, Jan Cornelis, Member, IEEE, and Peter Schelkens, Member, IEEE, “Scalable Joint Source-Channel Coding for the Scalable Extension of H.264/AVC”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 18, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2008

    [16] Martin R¨oder, Jean Cardinal, Raouf Hamzaoui, “Branch and bound algorithms for
    rate-distortion optimized media streaming”, IEEE TRANS. MULTIMEDIA.

    [17] Chi-Yuan Hsu, Antonio Ortega, Member, IEEE, and Masoud Khansari, “Rate Control for Robust Video Transmission over Burst-Error Wireless Channels”, IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 17, NO. 5, MAY 1999.

    [18] Antonio Ortega, Student Member, IEEE, Kannan Ramchandran, Student Member, IEEE,and Martin Vetterli, Senior Member, IEEE, “Optimal Trellis-B ased Buffered Compressionand Fast Approximations” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOL. 3.. NO. I, JANUARY 1594.

    [19]高誌陽,陳慶永, “手持式數位電視:DVB-H 技術之介紹”, CCL TECHNICAL JOURNAL 12.25.2004,第110期 電腦與通訊.

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