本文以有限時間熱力學之觀點來分析內燃機循環，討論的內燃機包括奧圖循環以及狄賽爾循環，修正一般古典熱力學為了簡化問題所做的假設，使模擬結果更為貼近實際熱機情況。在分析過程中考慮了多重的不可逆性，包含熱儲與系統間的有限熱傳遞率、工作流體與汽缸壁面及活塞之間的熱傳損失、活塞與汽缸壁面間的摩擦損失等。
以往關於內燃循環的研究中通常都採用空氣標準循環的假設，亦即工作流體為空氣且比熱假設為定值，但此假設明顯地與實際熱機情形不符。因此，在本文中工作流體採用混合氣體的觀念來分析，使之更貼近實際熱機運轉的情況。另外，由於熱機運行的溫度範圍極大，因此在分析時工作流體的等壓比熱與等容比熱皆採用以溫度為函數的假設。
最後定義熱機的輸出功率為目標函數並求取最大值，藉由調整壓縮比、空氣燃料質量比等參數，利用基因演算法找出最佳化的熱機輸出功率以及熱效率，並得到熱機在該情況下的操作參數。

In this study, the finite-time thermodynamics method has been utilized to analyze internal combustion heat engine, including Otto cycle and Diesel cycle, to modify some simply assumptions of classical thermodynamics, making the simulation results closer to the actual situation of heat engine. Multi-irreversibilities was considered in this study, such as finite rate heat transfer, heat leak between working fluid and cylinder wall and piston, friction loss between piston and cylinder wall, etc.
In the past studies, researchers often used air-standard power cycle to analyze internal combustion heat engine, which means the air was used as the working fluid and the specific heat is assumed to be constant, but this assumption was clearly incompatible with the actual conditions. Therefore, we considered the working fluid as mixture gas in this article to make the simulation results closer to the actual situation of heat engine. Since the operating temperature range of the heat engine is very large, the constant pressure specific heat and constant capacity specific heat is assumed to be function of temperature.
Finally, we defined the power output as the objective function to find the extreme value by adjusting the compression ratio, air-fuel mass ratio and other parameters, and using genetic algorithms to find out the maximum power output and the thermal efficiency, and get the operating parameters in that case.

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