目的：基於體現模擬理論，巴金森氏病（巴病）患者的臉部模仿不能可能會影響其社會認知功能的表現，本研究欲探討巴病患者面具臉症狀對社會認知功能之影響，並進一步探討面具臉、社會認知功能、以及社會功能之關係。
方法：本研究招募57位巴病患者（15位無面具臉與42位有面具臉）與57位經性別、年齡、教育程度配對的社區健康長者作為健康對照組，以巴金森氏病綜合評量表評估巴病患者的面具臉症狀，以華人多模式情緒辨識測驗與眼神讀心測驗評估參與者的社會認知功能，並透過巴金森氏病社會功能量表評估巴病患者的社會功能。
結果：巴病患者在社會認知功能表現與健康長者無顯著差異，但有面具臉的巴病患者在厭惡情緒辨識(p = 0.018)的表現較健康長者差，面具臉嚴重度可預測眼神讀心正向情緒(β = -0.299, p = 0.024)、悲傷(β = -0.264, p = 0.036)、以及厭惡(β = -0.275, p = 0.028)情緒辨識表現；厭惡情緒辨識(β = 0.433, p = 0.001)與眼神讀心測驗(β = 0.229, p = 0.035)對於巴病社會功能之「家庭生活、嗜好與自理」有顯著預測力，而整體情緒與中性情緒辨識對巴病社會功能之「社會連結」有顯著預測力；厭惡情緒辨識中介面具臉嚴重度與巴病社會功能的關係(「家庭生活、嗜好與自理」：β =0.264, p = 0.045)。
討論：本研究符合體現模擬理論之假設，巴病患者的面具臉症狀導致其臉部模仿能力降低，可能影響患者正確辨識他人臉部情緒的能力。社會認知功能缺損與巴病患者之社會功能下降有顯著關係，特別在「社會連結」與「家庭生活、嗜好與自理」方面。此外，面具臉症狀會透過厭惡臉部情緒辨識進而影響患者之「家庭生活、嗜好與自理」，推測由於巴病患者的面具臉症狀使其辨識他人厭惡情緒的能力較差，使巴病患者在與他人互動時難以表現適切的相對應行為，可能進而影響其社會功能。期望本研究結果能夠做為建構巴病患者全面治療計劃之參考，然仍須留意其他臨床特徵對社會認知功能可能造成之影響，且需縱貫研究來了解社會認知功能缺損之長期影響。

Based on the embodied simulation theory, masked face symptoms of PD may worsen social cognition performance. Our study aims to investigate the influence of masked face in PD. Therefore, we recruited 57 PD with or without masked face and 57 healthy elderly as normal controls to discover whether masked face influences social cognition performance. We found PD with masked face had worse performance on the CMERT-Subtest 4-Disgust than NCs. Furthermore, the more severe the masked face, the worse the performance of social cognition, especially in recognition of disgust and sadness emotion, and positive-valence of affective theory of mind. The impairment of social cognition will worsen the social functioning of PD, especially in the performance of “social bond” and “family life, hobbies, and self-care” which may be associated with social interaction. Last, when interacting with others, PD cannot recognize other’s disgust emotion well because of the masked face, so they can’t perform appropriate corresponding behaviors, which may reduce their social functioning.

徐沛瑄（民108）。情緒辨識測驗發展之初探研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立成功大學，臺南市。
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